Kaloji was born on 9 September 1914 in Rattihalli village in Bijapur district, Karnataka. His mother Ramabayamma hailing from Karnataka. Father Kaloji Rangarao is from Maharashtra, his elder brother, Kaloji Rameshwar Rao, an Urdu poet, played a vital role in shaping his personality. Kaloji completed his primary education from
Madikonda and higher education in
Warangal and
Hyderabad. Kaloji is a polyglot. Although he studied Telugu from an early age, he also wrote poetry in Marathi, Kannada, Hindi and Urdu. Kaloji married Rukmini Bai in 1940. During his student days, he was deeply influenced by and participated in popular movements of the time. like the
Arya Samaj Movement, especially in the domain of civil rights. He has also involved in
Andhra Maha Sabha activities since its formation in 1934, and part of the
Satyagraha,
Osmania University Vandemataram, State Congress,
Andhra Mahasabha (Telangana) and Library movements. Considered by many to be a
freedom fighter, he was part of the freedom movement of
Hyderabad State and underwent imprisonment under the
Nizam. His commitment to
human rights made him an active member of the Tarkunde Committee. Although opposed to power and the trapping of office Kaloji looked upon elections as a democratic exercise. He contested thrice and got elected once as a member of the
Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council. His most significant dispute was against
Jalagam Vengal Rao, then
Chief Minister of
Andhra Pradesh, in 1977. ==Honour==