Kho-Bwa languages

The internal structure of the Kho-Bwa group of languages is as follows. The similarities between Puroik–Bugun and Sherdukpen/Mey are sporadic and may be due to contact. Lieberherr (2015) considers Puroik to be a Tibeto-Burman language, which would imply that at least Bugun is as well. ;Blench & Post (2024) consider Puroik to be a Kho-Bwa language, and classify the Kho-Bwa languages as follows. • Kho-Bwa • Puroik • Bugun • Western Kho-Bwa • Sherdukpen, Sartang • Chug (Duhumbi), Lish (Khispi) Tresoldi et al. (2022) Based on computational phylogenetic analyses from Tresoldi et al. (2022), the phylogenetic tree of Kho-Bwa is roughly as follows: • Kho-Bwa • Western • Duhumbi–Khispi (Chug–Lish): Duhumbi (Chug), Khispi (Lish) • Mey–Sartang: Shergaon, Rupa, Jerigaon, Khoina, Rahung, Khoitam • Bugun • A • Bulu, Rawa, Kojo Rojo • Sario Saria, Lasumpatte, Chayangtajo • B • Namphri, Kaspi • Wangho, Dikhyang • Singchaung, Bichom ==Shared characteristics==

Common characteristics between Western Kho-Bwa and Puroik are given by Lieberherr & Bodt (2017). Prefixes Kho-Bwa languages share the following prefixes: • *a- in front of adjectives • *kV- prefix before multiple parts of the head, such as the head itself, eyes, ears, and hair • Some element in front of the names of a specific subset of objects in the sky, namely the moon, sun, stars, clouds, rain and snow. The prefixes themselves however, although they resemble each other, are not identical; Puroik prefixes *ham- while Western Kho-Bwa prefixes *nam-. Sound changes Kho-Bwa languages share the following sound changes: • The fortition of Sino-Tibetan initial *m- to *b-. • Outright loss of initial *s-. Examples In the below tables, the other Sino-Tibetan cognates are taken from Lieberherr & Bodt (2017), but the proto-Western Kho-Bwa forms are taken from Bodt (2024) and the Proto-Puroik forms are from Lieberherr (2015). ==Vocabulary==

The following table of Kho-Bwa basic vocabulary items is from Blench (2015). Proto-Western Kho-Bwa (Proto-WKB) reconstructions are from Bodt (2024). ==See also==