In the 1650s the intellectuals of Kasanje developed a largely fiction history that sought to give meaning and stability to the state. This history claimed a Zimbo and Tendo Andumba, and their daughter Tendo Anduma as the founding force of the nation. By the 1650s Kasanje had been making war with many of its neighbours for quite some time. These included Queen
Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba, and also areas called Lubolo, Beebe, Haku, and Sango. Kasanje also had relations with the Yaka Kingdom of the
Yaka people. Nbangu a Kutana kwa Mbuku, whose father was the King of Yaka, was for a time a prisoner in Kasanje but later was freed and established more peaceful relations between the states. On the south Kasanje bordered a domain called
Muzumbu a Kalungu which controlled an area between the Kwanza River and the headwaters of the Cunene River. It appears that Kasanje captured some of the territory of Muzumbu a Kalungu. In 1680, the Portuguese traveller
António de Oliveira de Cadornega estimated the kingdom had 300,000 people, of whom 100,000 were able to bear arms. However, it is noted that this claim may be exaggerated. Kasanje was finally incorporated into
Portuguese Angola in 1910–1911. == List of kings of Kasanje ==