Kazimierz Vetulani

Early life and education He was born on 3 January 1889 in Sanok, then within the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria; the son of Roman Vetulani, a high school professor, and Matylda née Pisz (1861–1891). His mother died on 15 December 1891, when Kazimierz Vetulani was less than three years old. He was raised by his father and his second wife, Elżbieta née Kunachowicz. He had five younger, half-siblings: brothers Zygmunt (1894–1942), Tadeusz (1897–1952) and Adam (1901–1976), and sisters Maria (master of economics, clerk of the Agricultural Bank in Kraków, 1895–1945) and Elżbieta (1903–1921, died of tuberculosis). The family lived in Sanok, in the house at Floriańska Street (later renamed Ignacy Daszyński Street) and in the villa of the Zaleski family at Świętego Jana Square. On the matriculation certificate of 15 June 1907, he had an excellent degree in mathematics and Polish language with a notion of a particular passion for those subjects. and then to the rank of lieutenant on 1 November 1917. Around 1916–1918 he was assigned to the Imperial-Royal railway regiment. In the 1917/1918 academic year, he studied again at the Lviv Polytechnic. In 1918 he built armoured trains in Nowy Sącz and Przemyśl and traveled to the besieged Lviv. After completing his military service, he settled in Kraków and started work in a construction company. After the Peace of Riga of March 1921, he lectured at the Technical College of Railway Forces and at the courses of professional and reserve officers in Kraków. Then he worked as a technical advisor to a number of large companies, enterprises and central and local government institutions as well as private clients. In 1924 he was verified on the list of railway sapper officers in the rank of captain and assigned as a reserve officer to the 1st Railway Sapper Regiment. In 1934, as a reserve captain of the engineering corps and sappers, he was included in a group of militia officers. He was assigned to the District Officers' Staff No. V and was then on the records of the Poviat Supplementary Command of the City of Kraków. Work at the Lviv Polytechnic (sits third from the right) in Milanówek, 1930s Throughout 1920s and 1930s, Kazimierz Vetulani published a number of scientific papers. Kazimierz Vetulani, according to his cousin Janusz Vetulani, was “respected and liked by students of three denominations and nationalities living in Lviv at the time,” and was “in time warned by Ukrainian students to avoid the area of his apartment for a few days and not stay in it”. Gestapo men showed great interest in the assets of those arrested. Most of the legacy and personal belongings of Kazimierz Vetulani found in his apartment, including some of his writings, were looted or destroyed during and following his arrest. The name of Kazimierz Vetulani (written as “Wetulani Franciszek or Kazimierz”) Banach added that he learned of Kazimierz Vetulani's arrest from Vetulani's cousin. == Scientific work ==

Kazimierz Vetulani was the author of several dozen scientific papers published, among others in the Czasopismo Techniczne (Technical Journal) and Przegląd Techniczny (Technical Review), including over fifteen technical papers, four mathematical papers, one original lecture script and several papers on the theory of musical scales. He published works in Italian, Spanish, German and English, and was fluent in Italian. He translated into Polish, among others one work and lecture by the Italian scholar Tullio Levi-Civita. According to the authors of his biography in Wiadomości Matematyczne, Vetulani “also showed great understanding of technical problems by writing papers on practical engineering issues. This is evidenced, for example, by his opinion on the cause of the cracks, the receding and tilting of the wing of the parallel bridgehead on the river Dłubnia of the Kraków-Miechów railway line, and a technical opinion issued in print on the utility of the stone from Mogielnica for communication and construction purposes (...), as well as a lecture on the foundation of the fourth bridge on the Vistula, delivered at the Technical Society in Kraków”. == Works ==

• Wyznaczanie natężeń normalnych w łukach płaskich (1911) • Mechanika ogólna i techniczna według wykładów w Akademii Górniczej w Krakowie w roku 1921–22 (1922) • Obliczanie naprężeń normalnych w przekrojach żelbetowych, pod wpływem kurczenia się betonu (1923) • Obliczanie pracy istot żywych (1925) • Konstrukcja wykreślna największego momentu zginającego w zagadnieniu wytrzymałościowem podłużnic skrzydeł samolotu. Przyczynki do artykułu Prof. M. T. Hubera (1930) • Tłumaczenie z włoskiego na polski odczytu T. Levi-Civity O wysiłku dynamicznym ustrojów sprężystych, wygłoszonego 24 IV 1928 w Wiedniu (1930) • W sprawie wyboczenia (1930) • Wartość siły podłużnej podczas powstawania wyboczenia (1931) • Orzeczenie techniczne o użyteczności kamienia z Mogielnicy dla celów komunikacyjno-budowlanych (1931) • Sistema dellescale a 7-tte toni (1931) • Circular models of music scales (1932) • Una contribución ́a la cuestión del esfuerzo el ́astico de dos cuerpos (1932) • O zastosowaniu pewnego przedstawienia geometrycznego do biometrii i statystyki (1932) • Wzór przybliżony dla projektowania nakładek belki blaszanej (1932) • Przykład ustroju kratowego dopuszczającego układ nieokreślonych sił wewnętrznych (1932) • Przedstawienie zmiany naprężeń skrajnych podczas powstawania wyboczenia (1932) • The values of archyp found erroneous in Keiichi Hayashi tables (1932) • O strugach cieczy (1933); published in Italian as: Suf getti liquidi (1933) • Uber Anwendung einer geometrischen Darstellung auf Biometrie uns Statistik (1935) • Rozważania w związku z wyboczeniem poziomym toru kolejowego na podłożu płaskim, sztywnym i szorstkim (1937) • O pewnym przedstawieniu parametrycznym związanym z ogólnym równaniem 4-go stopnia (1937) • Wybrzuszenie nieprzerwanego toru kolejowego traktowane zgrubsza jako zjawisko quasi-statyczne (Hypoteza „B”) (1938) • Przyczynek do Coulomb’owskiej teorii naporu ziemi (1938) • Wybrzuszenie pionowe toru kolejowego ściskanego podłużnie traktowane elementarnie z grubsza (hipoteza „A”) (1950, pośmiertnie) • On problems of music scales (manuscript at the Bibliothèque nationale de France) • Wstęp do rozprawy o problemie skal (manuscript) • O kompozycji w muzyce == Distinctions ==

Austro-Hungary • Golden Civil Merit Cross on the ribbon of Medal for Bravery (before 1916); • Brown Military Merit Medal on the ribbon of Military Merit Cross (before 1917). Poland • “Orlęta” Distinction for fights in defense of Lviv during the Polish-Ukrainian war. == Commemoration ==

Kazimierz Vetulani's name was on memorial plaques and other objects commemorating the murders of professors from Lviv universities. During the Jubilee Congress of the Friends of the High School in Sanok on the 70th anniversary of the first Matura on June 21, 1958, the name of Kazimierz Vetulani was mentioned in an appeal to those killed in defense of the homeland in 1939–1945 and on a memorial plaque in the high school devoted to the fallen and murdered high school graduates. In 1962, Kazimierz Vetulani was commemorated among other people mentioned on the plaque of the Mausoleum of Victims of World War II at the Central Cemetery in Sanok. == Family ==