The western part of the parish (west of the Peckforton Fault) is underlain by the Wilmslow Sandstone Formation. East of the
fault, the bedrock is largely Tarporley
Siltstone with the underlying Helsby Sandstone occurring in some areas. The lower ground in the west is largely covered by
glacial till whilst higher ground in the east is free of superficial deposits. A small area of glacio-fluvial sands and gravels is mapped in the centre of the parish. A narrow strip of
alluvium is associated with Salter's Brook. The Peckforton Fault runs into the parish from the SE then turns north. It downthrows to the east. Two parallel unnamed faults, both downthrowing to the west, run NNE–SSW through Kelsall village, their southern ends terminating at the Peckforton Fault. They terminate against a short ENE–WSW aligned fault with a northerly downthrow at the northern end of the parish. The Clotton Fault which downthrows to the east runs NNW–SSE through the western part of the parish. The rocks within the faulted blocks have a gentle to moderate easterly dip. ==History==