A committee of nine
JPs were appointed at the Easter Quarter Sessions in 1846 to superintend the erecting or providing of a lunatic asylum for Hampshire. They selected Knowle Farm as the most suitable available site, comprising 108 acres (0.43706 km2). The asylum was designed by James Harris and the new building, known as the Hampshire County Lunatic Asylum, opened in December 1852. For about a year, in 1857/58, one of the gardeners at Knowle, Henry Coe, corresponded with
Charles Darwin on horticultural matters, especially the cultivation of
kidney beans. As a result of this correspondence, Darwin became involved in a minor dispute about the legality of a patient's detention at Knowle. Following his recovery and discharge, the patient wrote to Darwin, thanking him for taking a personal interest. A chapel was built on the site in 1875. The asylum was renamed Knowle Mental Hospital in 1923 and then became Knowle Hospital in 1948. In the late 1960s, Dr
Ronald A. Sandison, a
psychiatrist and
psychotherapist who pioneered the clinical use of
LSD in psychiatry, worked at Knowle Hospital. During the 1970s, plans were drawn up to close the large county mental asylums and in 1979 mental health services for Southampton and south-west Hampshire were moved to a newly established Department of Psychiatry at
Royal South Hants Hospital in Southampton. Part of the hospital site was home to the
Hampshire Ambulance Service Knowle Training School in the 1980s. Knowle Hospital closed in 1996 and the site was subsequently redeveloped for residential use as
Knowle Village. ==Transport==