The area has been part of many empires in the past. It became part of the Afghan
Durrani Empire in the mid-18th century. It saw a major migration from
Russian Turkestan in the north during the early 1920s. During the governance of
Sher Khan Nasher, Kunduz became one of the wealthiest of Afghanistan's provinces, mainly due to Nasher's founding of the
Spinzar Cotton Company, which continues to exist in post-war Afghanistan in the early 20th century. Between 100,000 and 200,000 Tajiks and Uzbeks fled the conquest of their homeland by
Russian Red Army and settled in northern Afghanistan. On 4 September 2009, the German commander called in an American jet fighter, which attacked two NATO fuel trucks, which had been captured by insurgents. More than 90 people died, among them at least 40 civilians, who had gathered to collect fuel. It was reported that on 21 November 2009, a bomb going off along the Takhar Kunduz highway killed a child and injured two others. The governor,
Mohammad Omar, was killed by a bomb on 8 October 2010. On 10 February 2011, a suicide bomber killed a district governor and six other people in the district of
Chardara in Kunduz Province, where the insurgency is well entrenched. As part of the Taliban's resurgence in northern Afghanistan, Kunduz has been increasingly affected by war and instability. The
Taliban after their ouster did not gain a foothold in Kunduz Province until 2009, but since then their influence expanded and they eventually captured the capital city of Kunduz briefly in 2015 and 2016. On 8 August 2021, the Taliban regained control of Kunduz City according to local sources. ==Administrative divisions==