Pronouns The pronouns are:
aγəy, I;
ni, you;
ana, he/she/it;
yayu, we;
ndzyu, you (plural);
ini, they. Possessive forms are
ʕan, my;
nən, your;
an, his/her/its;
yan, our;
ndzən, your (pl.);
in, their. Subject agreement prefixes on the verb are
ʕa- I;
n-, you;
a-, he/she/it;
ya-, we;
ndz-, you (plural);
i-, they.
Verbs The infinitive and singular imperative are both the stem (e.g.
kani "sleep"); the plural imperative takes a prefix
wə- (
wə-kkani "sleep! (pl.)"). Cancel describes the
conjugations as follows (also for
xani): According to Tilmatine, verbs are negated by surrounding them with
`as ... hé/hi, e.g.
ni `as ba enγa hé >
n`esbanγa hé "do not eat!". "No" is
hoho or
ho: ''n'd'xani bînu, willa ho?'' "did you sleep yesterday, or not?".
Nouns The most productive plural marker is the
clitic =yu: {{interlinear|number=e.g. This marker comes at the end of the "core noun phrase", the unit consisting of noun+numeral+adjective+demonstrative: {{interlinear|number=e.g. Some Berber loans retain versions of their original plurals, usually with the
circumfix (ts)i-...-ən, {{interlinear|number=e.g. While the morphemes involved are clearly of Berber origin, the details of this system differ from any one attested Berber language, and this plural is extended to at least one item of Songhay origin,
tsạṛə̣w "spoon" >
tsiṛạwən. Some Arabic loans similarly retain Arabic plurals. The possessive is expressed by the particle
n, with the possessor preceding the possessed: {{interlinear|number=e.g. ==Numbers==