1950s Rock music was brought to South Korea in 1950 by U.S. soldiers fighting in the
Korean War. After the war ended in 1953, many U.S. soldiers remained in
South Korea, stationed on military bases, where local musicians and singers performed. One girl group called
The Kim Sisters debuted on the U.S. military base stage, practiced their talents and skills, and then started their musical career in the United States.
1960s In 1962,
Shin Jung-hyeon formed the first Korean rock band, Add4. The group sound musicians of the mid-1960s were heavily influenced by American and
British rock of the same era. However, instead of performing exclusively on U.S. military bases, they began to perform for South Korean audiences. The first generation of Korean rock musicians, including Shin Jung-hyeon, started to appear in the 1960s. However, South Korea was suffering under a totalitarian military dictatorship and the social atmosphere under the
Park Chung Hee administration, which was still conservative and closed, hippie culture and rock music, which was representative of youth culture, was merely a target of suppression. In the 1960s, while
western countries and
Japan were overwhelmed by a new youth culture revolution with rock music, South Korea was far from the fad.
1970s of
Sanulrim During the 1970s, music was heavily censored by
Park Chung Hee administration. Shin Jung-hyeon was imprisoned on drug charges.
Han Dae-soo moved to New York in self-exile after two of his albums were banned by the government. The imprisonment of Shin slowed the production of Korean rock, The young generation of South Korea who grew up listening to rock music in the early '70s became college students or adults and became the main members of the rock called Group Sound, which led to a craze in the '80s. In 1980, the hard rock band Magma came out at the college song festival and shocked people. Hard rock and heavy metal were also gaining attention in Korea due to the appearance of Magma. Since then,
Boohwal,
Sinawe, and Baekdoosan the bands that represent the 1980s, were also called the Korean Rock Band Trio in the 80s. The song festival also attracted attention from rock bands that would succeed Magma, T-sams in 1987 and Infinite Track in 1988. The 1980s was when rock music came closest to the mainstream of Korean pop music, with rock bands often being at the top of music ranking programs aired by public television and radio. In the 1980s, one of the reasons rock music became more popular than in the past was that censorship was somewhat eased compared to the
Park Chung Hee administration.
1990s–present performing in 2009 Rock music was revived in the early 1990s with democratization following the presidency of
Roh Tae-woo. As information flowed more freely into the country, Korean youths were exposed to decades of popular foreign music in a short span of time, and some began to form bands. Two of the earliest bands were
Crying Nut and
No Brain, which introduced the country to a variety of new genres in a localized blend called "Chosun Punk", spearheaded by indie label Drug Records which also managed Club Drug. With increased globalization and access to the Internet, the music scene diversified and incorporated more styles of music. The late 1990s saw increasing diversity in musical influences, as younger bands like
Rux emerged and
The Geeks introduced Korea to
straight edge hardcore punk. Ska-punk was another strong early influence, producing bands including Lazybone and Beach Valley. In 2006,
Skasucks formed and led the ska-punk movement in Korea. The second wave of Korean heavy metal began in the 1990s. While metal bands like Crash (1989), Seed (1996), and Sad Legend (1996) were performing Thrash Metal and Death Metal in concert halls and smaller clubs such as Metallica in Shinrim-dong and Drug in Hongdae, there were other heavier genres that would appear in South Korea. Thanks to the internet, extreme metal subgenres like Black Metal and Grindcore influenced bands like Kalpa (1996),
Oathean (1996), Dark Mirror ov Tragedy (2003), and Mangani (2013). While the sound of some groups was influenced by their foreign counterparts, other bands added Korean elements to their sound. Some of the examples of this would be Dokaebi () a death metal band with Korean chanting, Gostwind, a progressive metal band using traditional Korean instruments, and Bamseomhaejeokdan () which mixes Grindcore with Korean topics. Underground shows normally occur in Seoul, in the Hongdae and Mullae-dong areas, Busan, and Daegu. There are some festivals, like the Busan Rock Festival (2000–present), and the Dongducheon Rock Festival (1999–present). In the 2000s, Korean media outlets started producing television series covering rock music.
Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) produced a four-part musical drama series in 2010 called
Rock, Rock, Rock based on the life of
Boowhal founder Kim Tae-won and covers his life from middle school until the year 2003. In 2013
ArirangTV produced a 13-part series called
Rock on Korea hosted by Kim Do-kyun, guitarist of Baekdooson, that chronicles rock music on the South Korean peninsula from the 1960s to present-day rock bands that are currently performing in Korean clubs. In 2018, United States ex-pats Ian Henderson and Michael O'Dwyer produced the movie documentary
K-Pop Killers. In the film, which took just over a year to film, the South Korean extreme metal scene is covered in detail. Current members of extreme metal bands and bands such as Baekdoosan and Mahatma are interviewed. Music venue owners like Lee Yuying of GBN Live House, Kirk Kwon of Thunderhorse Tavern and Jay Lee of 3Thumbs are also interviewed. “Today, most kinds of music promotion in South Korea happen online, with diminutive mainstream attention and downloadable albums.” Promoters use social networking platforms to inform fans of upcoming shows. At one point in the early 2000s, fanzines were being made by expatriates and Koreans that discussed the rock subculture and reviewed local bands’ music releases. Thanks to the help, and interest, of foreigners and newcomers to the music scene, albums are being recorded, produced by members within the scene and then distributed by record labels founded underground band members. Some bands, like Dark Mirror ov Tragedy, have signed contracts with foreign labels and are receiving support from the label. ==Korean rock festivals==