The ancient port of
Tyndis which was located on the northern side of
Muziris, as mentioned in the
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, was somewhere around
Kozhikode. Its exact location is a matter of dispute. In the 14th century, Kozhikode conquered larger parts of central Kerala after the seize of
Tirunavaya region from
Valluvanad, which were under the control of the king of
Perumbadappu Swaroopam (Cochin). The ruler of
Perumpadappu was forced to shift his capital (c. CE 1405) further south from
Kodungallur to
Kochi. In the 15th century, the status of Cochin was reduced to a vassal state of Kozhikode, thus leading to the emergence of Kozhikode as the most powerful kingdom on the medieval
Malabar Coast. The Portuguese arrived at
Kappad Kozhikode in 1498 during the
Age of Discovery, thus opening a direct sea route from
Europe to
South Asia. The port at Kozhikode was the gateway to
South Indian coast for the
Arabs, the
Portuguese, the
Dutch, and finally the
British. The
Kunjali Marakkars, who were the naval chief of the
Zamorin of
Kozhikode, are credited with organizing the first naval defense of the Indian coast. During the
British rule, Malabar's chief importance lay in producing
pepper. Kozhikode municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850) of the
British Indian Empire, making it the first modern municipality in the state. It was upgraded into a Municipal Corporation in 1962, making it the second-oldest Municipal Corporation in the state. { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "properties": { "stroke": "#0000ff", "stroke-width": 2 }, "query": "\nSELECT ?id ?idLabel (concat('
', ?idLabel, '') as ?title) WHERE\n{\n?id wdt:P361 wd:Q28173697. # ward of Kozhikode corp\nSERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language 'en'.\n?id rdfs:label ?idLabel .\n}\n}"} == Revenue sources ==