The
district of Chodziesen was formed in 1818. It became part of the
German Empire in 1871. On March 6, 1877, the district and the district town of Chodziesen were renamed Kolmar in Posen. On 1 April 1914 the city of
Schneidemühl was disentangled from the district and became an
independent town (Stadtkreis) within the Bromberg Region. On December 27, 1918, the
Greater Poland uprising began in the province of Posen. Except for the south of the district around the town of
Budsin, the Kolmar district remained largely under German control. On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting. On June 28, 1919, with the signing of the
Treaty of Versailles, the
German government officially ceded most of the district including the capital Kolmar to the newly founded
Second Polish Republic. On November 25, 1919, Germany and Poland concluded an agreement on the evacuation and surrender of the areas to be ceded, which was ratified on January 10, 1920. The area to be ceded was cleared and handed over to Poland between January 17 and February 4, 1920. Only the rural communities of
Schönfeld,
Stöwen and
Usch Hauland in the northern part of the Kolmar district remained in
Germany after this, as did the city of
Schneidemühl. These areas became part of the newly formed Prussian
Province of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia. Schönfeld became part of the
Flatow district, while Stöwen and Usch Hauland became part of the newly formed
Netzekreis district. == Demographics ==