• Collantes & Pates (2025) revise the holotype of
Isoxys carbonelli and confirm placement of this species within the genus
Isoxys. • Nielsen et al. (2025) study changes of elongated cardinal spines of
Isoxys volucris during its ontogeny, and argue that the studied spines had a primary defensive function. • Chen, Lian & Wang (2025) describe fossil material of
Houlongdongella disulcata and
Houlongdongella elevata from the Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation (Hubei, China), extending known geographical range of both taxa. • Haridy et al. (2025) identify purported early vertebrate
Anatolepis as an arthropod, and interpret its purported dentine tubules as sensory structures similar to those present in Cambrian
aglaspidids and modern arthropods. • A study on the morphology of cephalic appendages of
Acanthomeridion serratum, providing evidence of probable adaptations to
durophagy, is published by Wu et al. (2025). • Evidence of the presence of two pairs of different compound eyes in
Pygmaclypeatus daziensis (a pair of stalked, movable eyes and a pair of sessile dorsal eyes) is presented by Schmidt et al. (2025). • O'Flynn et al. (2025) describe new fossil material of
Kuamaia lata from the Cambrian
Chiungchussu Formation (China), providing new information on the frontal appendages and number of head segments in members of this species, and interpret the studied fossils as indicating that raptorial frontal appendages, ancestral for
Euarthropoda but lost in
Artiopoda, evolved secondarily within the artiopod lineage that included
K. lata. • Redescription and a study on the affinities of
Helmetia expansa is published by Losso,
Caron & Ortega-Hernández (2025). • Bicknell et al. (2025) describe fossil material of
Naraoia cf. bertiensis from the Silurian (Přídolí) Phelps Member of the Fiddlers Green Formation (Bertie Group;
New York,
United States), expanding known geographical range of the youngest
naraoiids. • Naimark & Chaika (2025) study the structure of the cuticles of members of
Agnostina, reporting evidence of greater similarity to cuticles of chelicerates than those of crustaceans. • Liu et al. (2025) present new information on the morphology of
Primicaris, interpreted as supporting a
stem-group mandibulate affinity for
marrellomorphs. • Fossil material of
Euthycarcinus cf. martensi representing the first known record of a member of
Euthycarcinoidea from the Carboniferous-Permian strata of the
Saar–Nahe Basin is described from the Remigiusberg Formation (
Germany) by Poschmann et al. (2025). • Brookfield, Catlos & Garza (2025) argue that the strata of the
Stonehaven Group (
United Kingdom) preserving fossil material of
Pneumodesmus newmani is most likely
Přídolí–
Lochkovian in age. • Dernov (2025) describes impressions of probable paratergites of
Arthropleura sp. from the Carboniferous (
Bashkirian) Mospyne Formation (
Ukraine), possibly representing fossil material of juvenile specimens, and argues that juvenile and adult arthropleurids might have lived in different habitats. • A study on the anatomy of
Protosilvestria sculpta, based on data from specimens from the
Quercy Phosphorites Formation and a new specimen from the Oligocene strata in the Montpellier region (
France), is published by Charrondière et al. (2025). • Laville et al. (2025) provide new information on the anatomy of
Dollocaris ingens, and interpret thylacocephalans as the
sister group of Malacostraca within
Pancrustacea. • Strausfeld et al. (2025) provide new information on the anatomy of visual systems and brain
Jianfengia multisegmentalis, including information on its structured eyestalks and compound eyes, and study the phylogenetic affinities of
Jianfengia, interpreting it as unrelated to short-bodied "great appendage"
leanchoiliids (recovered as the
sister taxon of the
total group of Chelicerata) and representing a sister taxon of the total group of Mandibulata. == General research ==