United States federal law enforcement personnel include
but are not limited to the following: •
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives •
Bureau of Diplomatic Security •
Customs and Border Protection •
Drug Enforcement Administration •
Federal Air Marshal Service •
Federal Bureau of Investigation •
Federal Flight Deck Officers •
Federal Reserve Police Department •
United States Secret Service •
Fish and Wildlife Service - Law Enforcement •
Bureau of Land Management - Law Enforcement •
Homeland Security Investigations •
Immigration and Customs Enforcement •
National Park Service - Law Enforcement •
Federal Bureau of Prisons •
United States Marshal Service •
U.S. Coast Guard •
United States Postal Inspection Service •
United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police In addition, many departments in the U.S. Federal Government contain Inspector Generals who are able to appoint criminal investigators to work under them. For an exhaustive list of all federal law enforcement, you can find it on
Federal law enforcement in the United States.
Arizona Arizona Revised Statutes defines a peace officer in Title 13, Section 105, as "any person vested by law with a duty to maintain public order and make arrests and includes a constable." Title 1, Section 215(27) enumerates those who are peace officers in the State of Arizona. It includes: •
sheriffs of counties •
constables •
marshals •
SWAT officers and
policemen of cities and towns • commissioned personnel of the
department of public safety and
state troopers • personnel who are employed by the state
department of corrections and the
department of juvenile corrections and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board • peace officers who are appointed by a multi-county water conservation district and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board • police officers who are appointed by
community college district governing boards and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board • police officers who are appointed by the Arizona board of regents and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board • police officers who are appointed by the governing body of a public airport according to section 28-8426 and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board • peace officers who are appointed by a private post-secondary institution under section 15-1897 and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board • special agents from the office of the
attorney general, or of a
county attorney, and who have received a certificate from the Arizona peace officer standards and training board Arizona Revised Statutes 41-1823 states that except for duly elected or appointed sheriffs and constables, and probation officers in the course of their duties, no person may exercise the authority or perform the duties of a peace officer unless he is certified by the Arizona peace officers standards and training board.
California Sections 830 through 831.7 of the
California Penal Code list persons who are considered peace officers within the State of California. Peace officers include, in addition to many others, • Police; sheriffs, undersheriffs, and their deputies. (§ 830.1[a]) • Investigators of the
California Department of Consumer Affairs. (§ 830.3[a]) • Inspectors or investigators employed in the office of a district attorney. (§ 830.1[a]) • The
California Attorney General and special agents and investigators of the
California Department of Justice. (§ 830.1[b]) • Members of the
California Highway Patrol. (§ 830.2[a]) • Special agents of the
California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. (§ 830.2[d]) •
Game wardens of the
California Department of Fish and Wildlife (§ 830.2[e]) •
California State Park Peace Officers (§ 830.2[f]) • Investigators of the
California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. (§ 830.2[h]) •
Cal Expo Police Officers (§ 830.2[i])(§ 830.3[q]) • Investigators of the
California Department of Motor Vehicles. (§ 830.3[c]) • The
State Fire Marshal and assistant or deputy state fire marshals. (§ 830.3[e]) • Fraud investigators of the
California Department of Insurance. (§ 830.3[i]) • Investigators of the
Employment Development Department. (§ 830.3[q]) • A person designated by a local agency as a
Park Ranger (§ 830.31[b]) • Members of the
University of California Police Department,
California State University Police Department or of a
California Community College Police Department. (§ 830.2 [b]&[c]/ 830.32 [a]) • Members of the
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Police Department. (§ 830.33 [a]) • Any railroad police officer commissioned by the Governor. (§ 830.33 [e] [1]) •
Welfare fraud Investigators of the
California Department of Social Services. (§ 830.35[a]) • County
coroners and deputy coroners. (§ 830.35[c]) • Firefighter/Security Officers of the
California Military Department. (§ PC 830.37) • Hospital Police Officers with the
California Department of State Hospitals (used to be California Department of Mental Health) and the
California Department of Developmental Services (§ 830.38) • County Probation Officers, County Deputy Probation Officers, Parole officers and
correctional officers of the
California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. (§ 830.5 [a]&[b]) • A security officer for a private university or college deputized or appointed as a reserve deputy sheriff or police officer. (§ 830.75) Most peace officers have jurisdiction throughout the state, but many have limited powers outside their political subdivisions. Some peace officers require special permission to carry firearms. Powers are often limited to the performance of peace officers' primary duties (usually, enforcement of specific laws within their political subdivision); however, most have
power of arrest anywhere in the state for any
public offense that poses an immediate danger to a person or property. A private person (i.e., ordinary citizen)
may arrest another person for an offense committed in the arresting person's presence, or if the other person has committed a
felony whether or not in the arresting person's presence (Penal Code § 837), though such an arrest when an offense has not occurred leaves a private person open to criminal prosecution and civil liability for
false arrest. A peace officer may: • without an
arrest warrant, arrest a person on
probable cause that the person has committed an offense in the officer's presence, or if there is probable cause that a felony has been committed and the officer has probable cause to believe the person to be arrested committed the felony. (Penal Code § 836). • Is immune from civil liability for false arrest if, at the time of arrest, the officer had probable cause to believe the arrest was lawful. Persons are required to comply with certain instructions given by a peace officer, and certain acts (e.g., battery) committed against a peace officer carry more severe penalties than the same acts against a private person. It is unlawful to resist, delay, or obstruct a peace officer in the course of the officer's duties (Penal Code § 148[a][1]).
New York State New York State grants peace officers very specific powers under NYS
Criminal Procedure Law, that they may make
warrantless arrests, use physical and deadly force, and issue
summonses under section 2.20 of that law. There is a full list of peace officers under Section 2.10 of that law. Code of Criminal Procedure, Art. 2.12, provides: ==See also==