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Licinius II

Licinius II, also called Licinius Junior or Licinius Caesar, was the son of the Roman emperor Licinius I. He held the imperial rank of caesar between March 317 and September 324, while his father was augustus, and he was twice Roman consul. After losing a civil war, his father lost power and both he and Licinius Junior were eventually put to death.

Family and background
Licinius I married Flavia Julia Constantia, daughter of the augustus Constantius Chlorus and augusta Flavia Maximiana Theodora, and thus a half-sister of the augustus Constantine I. They wed at Mediolanum (Milan) in February 313. Three years later, Constantine attacked Licinius in the Cibalensean War. Constantine defeated Licinius at the Battle of Cibalae at Cibalae (Vinkovci) in Pannonia Secunda on the 8 October 316 and again at the Battle of Mardia near Hadrianopolis in Haemimontus (Edirne). == Life ==
Life
, marked: ("Our Lords Licinius, Pious Blessed Augustus, and Licinius Caesar''")Licinius II, son of Licinius, grandson of Constantius I, and half-nephew of Constantine, was born to Flavia Julia Constantia in July or August 315. While the augustus Licinius marched against Constantine in 316, Licinius II was left with his mother and the augustus's treasury at Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica). After Licinius was defeated by Constantine at the Battle of Cibalae, and lost two thirds of his army, he fled to Sirmium and thence to Singidunum (Belgrade), where he crossed the river Sava and destroyed the bridge to delay Constantine's pursuit of him. Licinius is said by Themistius to have been educated by the grammaticus, and later consul, Flavius Optatus. The largitio bowls were decorated with portraits of the two emperors, with inscriptions celebrating the quinquennalia of Licinius II as well as a vota (vow of good rulership) for a decennalia. Licinius the Elder retired to Thessalonica as a private citizen. Immediately after his father's defeat and capitulation the Licinius II was stripped of the title of caesar. Constantine seems to have regretted his leniency and the former augustus was hanged in the spring of 325. The former augustus had been accused of plotting to renew hostilities and was executed on this pretext, real or imagined. Licinius's co-emperor and augustus Martinian was also executed, either at this time or in 324. Licinius II survived until the following year. of Licinius II, 321–324 marked: ("Our Lord Valerius Licinianus Licinius, Most Noble Caesar") on the obverse, with Jupiter on the reverse marked: ("Jupiter the conservator''") == Death ==
Death
The younger Licinius was executed by his uncle Constantine in 326. Like his father, Licinius II was the subject of a posthumous damnatio memoriae and their names were expunged from official inscriptions. ==References==
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