List of United States district and territorial courts

The district courts were established by Congress under Article III of the United States Constitution. The courts hear civil and criminal cases, and each is paired with a bankruptcy court. The largest courts by number of judges are the Central District of California and the Southern District of New York, each with 28 judgeships. The smallest are the District for the Northern Mariana Islands and the District of Guam, with one judgeship each. == Active courts ==

|alt=Exterior view of the defunct District of the Canal Zone Federal Courthouse building in Panama City, Panama Note: Defunct courts do not include courts consisting of an entire state that were later subdivided. == Subdivided courts ==