Coming from a musical family, he started singing in
gospel choirs in his teens, before studying music at
Brooklyn College. He learned keyboards and percussion, forming a gospel group, the Zionettes, who recorded for Simpson Records and achieved some local success. Johnson then formed a secular vocal group, the Canjoes, with Tresia Cleveland and Ann Gissendammer, recording "Dance the Boomerang" before Cleveland and Gissendanner left to become the Soul Sisters. In 1962, Johnson signed as a solo singer with
Bigtop Records, run by the
Hill & Range music publishing company in the
Brill Building. There, he met the songwriting team of
Burt Bacharach and
Hal David, who wrote Johnson's first single, "If I Never Get to Love You". Neither that song nor his second record, "You Better Let Him Go", were hits, but his third single, "Reach Out for Me", also written by Bacharach and David and this time produced by Bacharach, reached No. 74 on the
Billboard Hot 100 in late 1963. However, as it rose up the charts, the record company collapsed so limiting the record's success. "Magic Potion" - the B side of "Reach Out For Me" was also written by Bacharach and David and became popular on the UK's Northern Soul scene, first being played at Manchester's Twisted Wheel club in the late 1960s. Johnson signed to its successor label, Big Hill, and continued to record Bacharach and David songs. In 1964, his original version of "
(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me", with backing vocals by
Doris Troy,
Dee Dee Warwick, and
Cissy Houston, reached No. 49 in the US charts. In the United Kingdom, a
cover version by English singer
Sandie Shaw rose to number one on the
British singles chart. Johnson also recorded the original versions of several other Bacharach and David songs that later proved to be bigger hits for other musicians. "
Reach Out for Me", "
Message to Michael (Kentucky Bluebird)" (originally "A Message to Martha"), and "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me" were all American hits, also produced by Bacharach and David, for
Dionne Warwick. Several of his records reached the
Cashbox R&B Top 20 including "Always" peaking at No. 12 and "Reach Out" at No. 15. In the
UK Singles Chart, Johnson's version of "A Message to Martha" was his biggest hit, reaching No. 36 in late 1964, ==Discography==