Licentiate of the Royal Academy of Music (LRAM) is a professional diploma, or licentiate, formerly open to both internal students of the Royal Academy of Music and to external candidates in voice, keyboard and orchestral instruments and guitar, as well as conducting and other musical disciplines. Candidates in instrumental and vocal studies could opt to take the LRAM in either teaching or performing. Since the 1990s, the external route has been withdrawn and now the diploma provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles of teaching through practical work. The LRAM is available to all students of the Royal Academy of Music.