Lucius Cornelius Cinna was one of three known children and the only son of the Roman statesman
Lucius Cornelius Cinna and presumably his wife Annia. The younger Cinna was probably born around 100 BC, and no later than 95. In 87, his father became
consul, won a
civil war, becoming a dominant figure in Rome until 84, when he died in an army mutiny. During this period, the younger Cinna's sister
Cornelia married the future dictator
Julius Caesar. In 82, his late father's enemy,
Sulla, became dictator, and passed a law debarring the descendants of his opponents, including the younger Cinna, from holding public office. In 78 BC, Cinna joined the failed rebellion of
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus in an attempt to undo the constitutional settlement of Sulla. After the defeat and death of Lepidus, Cinna joined other loyalists (presumably in the company of
Marcus Perperna) to join another rebel,
Sertorius, one of his father's old allies, in
Hispania. When
Sertorius's rebellion collapsed in the late 70s, Cinna was granted amnesty and allowed to return to Rome, by means of a motion introduced by a tribune, Plautius, and supported by his brother-in-law, Caesar. Cinna was, however, still unable to pursue a public career until Sulla's constitutional reforms were repealed in 49 BC, when Caesar crossed the Rubicon and seized Rome. During Caesar's dictatorship, Cinna was promoted to the office of
praetor in 44 BC – the year of the
dictator's assassination. Despite his kinship to Caesar and the favor shown to him by the dictator, Cinna developed republican and anti-Caesarian political sympathies. He married
Pompeia, daughter of Caesar's old adversary
Pompey, shortly after her
first husband's death in 46 BC. Although he did not join the conspiracy against Caesar on the Ides of March, Cinna, in the aftermath of the deed, advanced unexpectedly into the
Forum – the first of all
magistrates to speak about the event – and delivered a violent harangue against the late dictator. Cinna removed his own praetor's robe as it being the gift of a tyrant, praised Caesar's killers as tyrannicides, argued that the deed was in accord with ancestral custom, and demanded public honors for the assassins. The speech generated a hostile reaction from the crowd, forcing
Brutus,
Cassius and the other conspirators to retreat to the
Capitoline Hill. On 17 March, Cinna went to the
temple of Tellus for the first
Senate meeting after the assassination – now cautiously wearing his praetorian robe once again – but his earlier speech had made a deep impression, and he was recognized by a hostile crowd, which included veterans of Caesar. The furious mob pelted Cinna with stones and chased him to a house, where they would have burnt him to death had
Lepidus, Caesar's former deputy, not intervened with his soldiers. Popular hostility towards him came to a head when, at the dictator's funeral on 20 March, a
tribune of the plebs,
Helvius Cinna, was torn to pieces by an enraged mob after they mistook him for the praetor Cornelius Cinna, on account of their identical surnames. Cinna was apparently proscribed and his wealth confiscated by the
Second Triumvirate, and died in unspecified circumstances during the subsequent civil wars. By Pompeia, Cinna had a son,
Gnaeus Cornelius Cinna Magnus, and a daughter, Magna, who married a Scribonius Libo. Presumed to be his son from an earlier marriage is another Lucius Cornelius Cinna, who stands on the record as having been
quaestor in 44 BC, a in 21, and possibly suffect consul in 32. Sumner and Syme proposed that, since the praetor of 44 would have been old at the time of the marriage, the should be identified as Pompeia's husband instead, and as the praetor's son, but others have rejected this, based on the statement by
Seneca that the father of Gnaeus Cornelius Cinna Magnus died during the civil wars. ==See also==