Cardinal Allucingoli was
elected pope at
Velletri in September 1181, taking the name Lucius. He lived at
Rome from November 1181 to March 1182, but dissensions in the city compelled him to pass the remainder of his pontificate in exile, mainly at Velletri,
Anagni and
Verona. '' of Lucius III In the meantime other causes of disagreement appeared when the Pope refused to comply with Frederick I's wishes as to the Imperial regulation of German episcopal elections which had taken place under the authority of the German-sponsored
antipopes, both during and after the recent schism (1159–1176), especially as regards an election to the
See of Trier in 1183 contested between the papal candidate
Folmar of Karden and the imperial candidate
Rudolf of Wied. In pursuance of his anti-imperial policy, Lucius declined in 1185 to crown
Henry of Hohenstaufen as Frederick I's
destined successor, and the breach between the Empire and the Curia became wider on questions of Italian politics. In November 1184 Lucius held a
synod at Verona which condemned the
Cathars and Paterines,
Waldensians,
Josephines,
Pasagians and
Arnoldists, and
anathematized all those declared as
heretics and their abettors. Contrary to what is often said, he did not institute the
Inquisition, which was not created until the reign of
Pope Gregory IX in 1234. Despite the fulminations of the first three
Lateran Councils against married clergy, Lucius wrote in 1184 to the abbot of
St. Augustine Canterbury suggesting that the parson of
Willesborough should retire and pass the benefice to his promising son, who could then pursue his studies, showing continued papal tolerance of married clergy at this late date. ==Death==