Lungern

(1926) The village of Lungern lies above sea level in the highest part of the canton of Obwalden, on the eastern shore of the Lake of Lungern and at the foot of the Brünig Pass. It is the highest village of the Sarneraa-Valley, in a basin open only to the north and surrounded on all other sides by steep and woody inclinations and rocks. To the south-west the municipality extends to the Brünig Pass. On its north-western side, the municipal boundary is set by the Wilerhorn and Höch Gumme mountains, and includes the whole of the Lake of Lungern. To the east, the boundary reaches as far as the Hochstollen and Chingstuel mountains, and includes the Güpfi mountain and part of the Kleine Melchtal valley. Besides the village of Lungern, the municipality includes the settlements of Kaiserstuhl and Bürglen that lie at the northern end of the lake, and Obsee on the south-western end of the lake. The municipal district of Lungern has an area of , of which are meadow and tilled land, are pastureland, are wooded and the remaining are unproductive. ==History==

The first legal proof of Lungern's existence is contained in a tax register for the diocese of the bishop of Konstanz in Germany dating from the year 1275. It is mentioned as Lutigern and also as de Lungern. In 1861 it became easier to reach the village with the construction of the old road over the Brünig pass. A quarter century later, in 1886, the first mail carriages came over the pass. However, this only lasted two years, in 1888 the railroad from Brienz to Alpnachstad (now part of Alpnach) opened. In 1887 the Eibach river flooded causing damage to the old village church. Six years later, in 1893, was the consecration of the neo-gothic style church. At the end of the 18th century the population of Lungern lowered the level of the lake, with great effort and over many years, in order to improve living conditions. The works created new land for agriculture, housing, and a sawmill. Within 80 years the hard-won land was lost to a new dam: in 1922 a company named CKW built and started running a power station located at the lake. Nowadays the local power station (EWO) produces electricity from the power of the water of the Lungerersee. In 1942 the railroad line over the Brünig pass was electrified. ==Population and economy==

Nowadays the village of Lungern has about 2120 inhabitants. The population is stable, so there is a rise in the ratio of elderly to total population. In fact 17.5% of the total population of Lungern are of a pensionable age, compared with an average of 12% in the canton. If work opportunities remain limited this will likely grow even further in the future. Demographics Lungern has a population (as of ) of . , 8.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 2.6%. Most of the population () speaks German (94.8%), with Albanian being second most common (2.2%) and French third (0.7%). the gender distribution of the population was 49.7% male and 50.3% female. In 2000 there were 681 households in Lungern. Economically, agriculture, forestry and wood-working are predominant. Agriculture comprises cattle-breeding and dairy-farming. All of the agricultural farms are cultivated by native highlanders, and they are mainly situated not in the bottom of the valley but on its slopes. Lungern has a large industrial sector with the main employers being with 300 employees specialising in securing rockfaces preventing rockfalls and landslides, neue Holzbau AG (70+ employees) specialising in pre-fabricated wooden constructions and engineered wood products, H-P Gasser Membranbau (80+ employees) specialising in membrane structures and skylights and Sutter Fahrzeugbau who are specialists in coachwork and commercial vehicles. Located in the Obsee sector of Lungern together with many smaller companies, ensures that companies in Lungern provide employment not just for the inhabitants of the village but the Sarner-Aa valley and the Haslital. Historic population The historical population is given in the following table: ==Weather==

From 1961 to 1990, Lungern had an average of 149.5 days of rain per year and on average received of precipitation. The wettest month was August, during which Lungern received an average of of precipitation and over an average of 14.4 days. The month with the most days of precipitation was June, with an average of 14.7, but with only of precipitation. The driest month was October, with an average of of precipitation over 14.4 days. ==Churches==

There is one Catholic church and five chapels. The church is fairly new, about 110 years old, because the old one was destroyed in a flood of the lake. Chapels are located in the center of the village (Dorfkapelle), Obseekapelle, Kapelle Bürglen, Kapelle Breitenfeld and Kappele Krummelbach. ==Tourist sights==

The main sights of Lungern are: • the old church tower (Alter Kirchturm), a neo-Gothic church, and the hamlet Obsee • the Lungern-Turren cablecar to Turren and then hike to Schönbüel • the underground shooting range ==Transport==

The Brünig railway line passes through the municipality, on its route between Interlaken and Lucerne. Both Lungern station and Kaiserstuhl OW station are on the line and in the municipality; and in 2013 were served by one train per hour in each direction. ==Notes==