The consumption of coffee was recorded in the art and accounts of the
Mughal court, from the early 1600s, with travellers offering accounts of the qahwakhanas (
coffeehouses) of
Shahjahanabad (Old Delhi). Until the 17th century, efforts were made to establish and maintain an Arabian coffee
monopoly, with cultivation limited to Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Yemen, and exports limited to roasted or baked
coffee beans, to protect the Arabian merchants. According to a legend,
Indian Sufi Baba Budan discovered coffee on a pilgrimage to
Mecca, and smuggled seven raw coffee beans back to India and planted them in the hills of
Chikmagalur in present-day
Karnataka. The favourable conditions enabled the coffee plants to thrive in the hills, which were later named
Baba Budangiri ('Baba Budan Hills'). In the mid to late 1600s, the
Dutch East India Company (1605-1825) were the first to recognise the commercial opportunities of exporting Indian grown coffee, but later concentrated their efforts in Java. They also noted its popularity among the locals, a Dutch chaplain, Rev Jacob Vissche, of Cochin, wrote in the 1720s: "
The coffee shrub is planted in the gardens for pleasure and yields plenty of fruit which attains a proper degree of ripeness. But it has not the refined taste of the Mocha coffee ...". In the late 1700s, the
British East India Company became interested in the coffee, and established their own plantations in
Coorg (present-day Kodagu). ==Ingredients==