Makyam language

Makyam belongs to the Khiamniungic subgroup within the Konyak–Chang group of languages (Naw Sawu 2016:6). It is closely related to Leinong than to Khiamniungan. • Khiamniungic • Khiamniungan Naga • Leinong-Makyam • Leinong Naga • Makyam Naga ==Distribution==

Makyam is spoken in 13 villages of northeast Lahe Township and Hkamti Township, Sagaing Division, Myanmar (Ethnologue). Main dialect variation is between the western Makyan villages and Kuku villages. Makyam is spoken in the following 18 villages, which are located just to the east of Lahe town in Lahe Township, Sagaing Division, Myanmar. They add up to a total of 1,026 households and 4,994 persons (Naw Sawu 2016:8). Old village names are given in parentheses. • San Tong (Nouk Hai) • Makyam (Ngaung Ke) • Kha Lai (Khun Old Kha Lai) • New Kha Lai (Pyan Kha Lai) • Long Khin (Long Nouk) • Lun Htaung • Wutha (Zay Tam Nouk) • Kuku Nokkon (Khaunouk Hai) • Myang Kuku (Khaunouk Suam) • Ahang Kuku • Taw Law (New Wutha) • Pin Htaung Lon Shout • Lepandar • Zi Phyu Kone, Kham Ti Township • Sin Te • Ma Kyam Kha • Lahe • Ma Kaw Rain The majority of Makyam speakers can also speak Leinong, as the two languages are spoken in the same area (Naw Sawu 2016:10). ==Phonology==

• /ə/ only appears in open syllables. Additionally, the following diphthongs have been observed: /ia/, /ua/, /uo/, /oa/, /ue/, /ɔu/, /uɛ/, /ei/, /ea/, /ie/, /iɛ/, /ou/, /au/, /ai/. Makyam also has five tones: • [ ˧˩ ] - mid-falling • [ ˧˥ ] - mid-rising • [ ˧ ] - mid, level • [ ˥˩ ] - high-falling • [ ˥ ] - high, level ==References==