Malebona Precious Matsoso is a South African pharmacist and public health official. She served as director-general of South Africa's Health Department from 2010 to 2019 and has held several leadership positions at the World Health Organization. Matsoso is best known internationally for co-chairing the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body (INB), the body that produced the WHO Pandemic Agreement—the first global treaty on pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response—formally adopted by the 78th World Health Assembly on 20 May 2025.