He was named viceroy of Peru in 1775, and in 1776 he arrived in
Lima and took up the position. He assisted the scientific expedition of
Hipólito Ruiz López,
José Antonio Pavón and
Joseph Dombey, sent to study the flora of the viceroyalty. Their findings were later published as
La flora peruana y chilena (
The Flora of Peru and Chile). Again a major concern was stimulating the economy, which he did by adopting liberal measures in agriculture, mining, commerce and industry. He gained a reputation as a man of intelligence and compassion, and a tireless worker. He created two new chairs at the university, improved the medical care at ten hospitals in Lima and established a foundling home. In June 1777
José Antonio de Areche arrived in Lima as
visitador (inspector) from the Crown. He increased the sales tax from 4% to 6%, and Viceroy Guirior imposed a 12½% tax on liquor. Disagreements with
Visitador Areche led to Guirior's removal from office in July 1780. He was subjected to a
juicio de residencia (trial of grievances) and his pension was halved. However, he was acquitted posthumously. (He died on November 25, 1788.) He was replaced as viceroy by the governor of Chile,
Agustín de Jáuregui. At the time of Guirior's removal from office, the Indigenous of Peru were on the verge of revolt. The revolt, led by
Túpac Amaru II, broke out on November 4, 1780. ==External links==