Born in
Aisy-sur-Armançon, Griaule received a good education and was preparing to become an engineer and enrolled at the prestigious
Lycée Louis-le-Grand when in 1917 at the end of
World War I he volunteered to become a
pilot in the
French Air Force. In 1920 he returned to university, where he attended the lectures of
Marcel Mauss and
Marcel Cohen. Intrigued by anthropology, he gave up plans for a technical career. In 1927 he received a degree from the
École Nationale de Langues Orientales, where he concentrated on
Amharic and
Ge'ez. Between 1928 and 1933 Griaule participated in two large-scale ethnographic expeditions—one to
Ethiopia and the ambitious
Dakar to
Djibouti expedition which crossed Africa. On the latter expedition he first visited the
Dogon, the ethnic group with whom he would be forever associated. In 1933 he received a diploma from the
École Pratique des Hautes Études in religion. Throughout the 1930s Griaule and his student
Germaine Dieterlen undertook several group expeditions to the Dogon area in
Mali. During these trips Griaule pioneered the use of aerial photography, surveying, and teamwork to study other cultures. In 1938 he produced his dissertation and received a doctorate based on his Dogon research. With the outbreak of
World War II Griaule was drafted again in the French Air Force and after the war he served as the inaugural professor of the first chair of anthropology at the
University of Paris - Sorbonne. He died in 1956 in Paris. Griaule is remembered for his work with the blind hunter
Ogotemmeli and his elaborate exegeses of
Dogon myth (
fr )—(including the
Nommo) and ritual. His study of Dogon masks remains one of the fundamental works on the topic. A number of anthropologists are highly critical of his work and argue that his claims about
Sirius and his elaborate accounts of cosmic eggs and mystic vibrations do not accurately reflect
Dogon belief. Griaule is the father of anthropologist
Geneviève Calame-Griaule (See
:fr: Geneviève Calame-Griaule). == Selected works ==