). Antoine Daveluy was born 16 March 1818 in
Amiens, France. His father was a factory owner, town councilman, and government official. The members of his family were devout Catholics and two of his brothers became
priests. He entered the St. Sulpice Seminary in
Issy-les-Moulineaux himself in October 1834 and was ordained a priest on 18 December 1841. His first assignment was as an assistant priest in
Roye. Despite poor health, he joined the
Paris Foreign Missions Society on 4 October 1843. He departed for East Asia on 6 February 1844, intending to serve as a missionary in the
Ryukyu Islands of
Japan. He arrived in
Macau, where he was persuaded by the newly appointed
apostolic vicar of
Korea, Jean-Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Ferréol, to accompany him there instead. The two were joined by
Andrew Kim Tae-gŏn, a Korean
seminarian who had been studying for the priesthood in Macau. They first traveled to
Shanghai, where
Bishop Ferréol ordained Father Kim on 17 August 1845. The three priests then made a stormy crossing by sea to Korea, arriving in
Chungcheong Province in October. Father Daveluy began work as a missionary in Korea, becoming fluent in the
language. He was the most scholarly of the early mission priests. On 13 November 1855,
Pope Pius IX appointed him titular bishop of
Akka and
coadjutor to Bishop
Siméon-François Berneux, who had been appointed apostolic vicar in 1854 after the death of Bishop Ferréol in 1853. He was consecrated by Bishop Berneux on 25 March 1857. After Bishop Berneux was executed during a campaign by the
Korean government against
Christians, Bishop Daveluy became apostolic vicar on 8 March 1866. He was promptly arrested on 11 March. Imprisoned and tortured, he staunchly defended his Catholic faith. Sentenced to death, he asked to be executed on
Good Friday 30 March. He was beheaded at a Korean naval base in Galmaemot (갈매못) near present-day Boryeong along with two French priests, Pierre Aumaître and Martin-Luc Huin, and two lay
catechists, Lucas Hwang Sŏk-tu (Bishop Daveluy's personal assistant) and Joseph Chang Chu-gi. All five were canonized on 6 May 1984 along with Father Kim, Bishop Berneux and 96 other
Korean martyrs. The deaths of Berneux, Daveluy and other Catholic missionaries in Korea was followed by a
French punitive expedition which reinforced the Korean policy of isolationism. ==See also==