Mary Augusta Tappage

Mary Augusta Tappage was born in 1888 in Soda Creek, in the Cariboo region. Her parents were Mary Ann Longshem, a Secwépemc (Shuswap) woman, and Christopher (Alex) Tappage, a Métis man. Her maternal grandfather, William Longshem, was a hereditary chief of the Secwépemc. Her paternal grandfather was Red River Métis and had resettled from the Red River Valley following the North-West Rebellion. She was part of the Soda Creek/Deep Creek Band (now known as the Xat'sull First Nation). ==Family and midwifery==

In 1903, at the age of 15, Tappage married George Evans, who was half Welsh and half Secwépemc. According to the Canadian government's Indian Act, as a woman she lost her native status and membership in her band after marrying a "non-Indian". They had a small farm. While her husband was on a three-day drinking binge, she delivered her first child on her own. She then decided to learn midwifery. She ordered a book for doctors from an Eaton's catalogue, committed it to memory, and offered her services as a midwife for free. She and Evans had four children, including two girls who died in infancy. Due to their "non-native" status, her two boys were not allowed to attend the Indian residential school, so she taught them herself. Her husband died young and she never remarried, saying "once is enough". She also fostered several children She cleaned, cooked, and was a nanny in Soda Creek homes. ==The Days of Augusta==

Tappage's stories were recorded by Jean E. Speare, a non-Indigenous woman she met in the late 1960s at a Native crafts booth in Williams Lake. At Speare's urging, Tappage narrated several stories from her life during weekly meetings at her home in Soda Creek. Her stories were transcribed and edited by Speare, and published in the 1971 book The Days of Augusta. Speare recorded Tappage speaking about her life during the time of western settlement, including stories about midwifery, mending fishing nets, smallpox, the Cree practice of stealing Shuswap women, In her examination of mid-20th-century First Nations literature, Stephanie McKenzie writes that Speare's transcriptions of the stories, especially in her account of a gold rush stage heist "The Holdup" captured Tappage's use of repetition in her phrasing, a quality that was "suggestive of an older and more refined artform". In her review of The Days of Augusta, Linda Warley called it a foundational text of the Shuswap literary tradition. Warley generally praises the work, suggesting further research into Tappage's life, and offers a critique of Speare's level of transparency about her editing process and role as a non-Native editor of a Native narrative. A short documentary film of Tappage's life, Augusta, was directed by Ann Wheeler and produced by the National Film Board of Canada in 1976. She was buried in the native cemetery of the Soda Creek Indian Reserve. An exhibition featuring Keziere's photographs and audio of Tappage speaking was held at the Penticton Art Gallery in 2014. The exhibition later toured other communities. ==References==