During the French colonial period, Matamèye was initially an insignificant pastoral village in the canton of
Kantché. In 1954, the traditional cantonal capital of Kantché was to become the seat of a colonial official who was to administer the newly created district of Kantché. However, as the local cantonal chief of Kantché did not want this superior in the same village, he had his official residence set up in Matamèye, seven kilometres away. The small village thus unexpectedly became the district capital. In 1964, the district of Matamèye became the arrondissement of Matamèye. As such, the arrondissement capital benefited from several newly created infrastructural facilities such as a health centre, schools and a large weekly market. This was accompanied by strong population growth. == Economy ==