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Rhoda May Knight Rindge

Rhoda May Knight Rindge,, also known as May Rindge or May K., was an American businesswoman. She was known as the Queen of Malibu as well as the Founding Mother of Malibu and L.A.'s first high-profile female environmentalist. She was the first woman to serve as president of a railroad company. Additionally, she founded Marblehead Land Company in 1921, and the Malibu Potteries in 1926, the first business in Malibu. The company originated Malibu tile, and the venture became one of Southern California's most successful of its kind alongside Catalina Pottery, Gladding, McBean, and Batchelder tile.

Early life
Rindge was born Rhoda May Knight in 1864, the eighth child of James and Rhoda Roxanna Lathrop Knight. She grew up on a sheep farm outside Trenton, Michigan with 12 siblings. By age 22, she was working as a math teacher at a local schoolhouse. Knight's family was strictly Methodist. Her aunt, Emily Lathrop Preston, the founder and proprietor of a cult-like religious faith-healing health colony in Northern California, first brought Knight out west. Back in Michigan, Knight was paid a visit by Frederick Rindge, who had been a client at Preston's colony. He had seen a photograph of her on Preston's piano, felt enchanted, and asked Preston for her blessing in romantically pursuing her niece. Preston encouraged the coupling. Upon arrival, they stayed at Emily Preston's ranch before venturing to Southern California. ==Homes, children, and businesses==
Homes, children, and businesses
The Rindge couple had three children: Samuel, Frederick Jr., and Rhoda Agatha. The family first settled into a home in Santa Monica. which eventually burned down in a brush fire in 1903. They also had a home in Santa Monica. It had been Rindge Sr.'s dream when he first came to California with his father on the first transcontinental railroad. He had always wanted a farm by the sea, and once he purchased the Malibu rancho as the final Spanish land grant owner of the property, he established a cattle ranch. He also became deeply involved in civic life, from serving as director of Edison Electric, founding Conservative Life Insurance Company, and promoting Temperance by helping close saloons in Santa Monica to building Santa Monica's First Methodist Episcopal Church and taking the post of vice president of Union Oil. When he died suddenly at the age of 48 Rhoda May Knight Rindge was left with the totality of his business dealings, setting the stage for her unusual position at the time as a woman at the helm of a major family estate. Victory over Southern Pacific Railroad and construction of Malibu Pier Prior to her husband's death, there had been word that Southern Pacific intended to connect their Santa Barbara terminus with Santa Monica, which would entail running tracks right through the vast 13,315-acre Rindge property. Frederick hatched a plan to take advantage of an obscure Interstate Commerce Commission law that stated if one railway ran through a property, there could be no other railway doing the same. Hence Rindge decided to build his own private track—a utilitarian one to service his cattle ranch—but died before carrying out the plan, leaving the operation up to Rhoda May. She subsequently built the Malibu Pier and 15 miles of standard gauge track, known as the Hueneme, Malibu and Port Los Angeles Railway, that ran down the length of the pier, where a steam-powered crane lifted cattle hides and walnuts onto boats for shipment and grains onto land for cattle-feed. to take up the new fight against the Federal Government and People of the State of California. However, she uncovered clay with thousands upon thousands of homes being built, and furthermore, in the tile-reliant Mission Revival, Mayan Revival, Spanish Colonial Revival, and Moorish Revival styles, and patterns and iconography were inspired by books from an expensive library with which Rindge furnished the pottery. The potteries produced not only flat ceramic tiles for ceilings, walls, baseboards, and floors but also ceramic tile fountains, murals, urns, and bathroom built-ins like toothbrush holders and soap dishes. Construction of Serra Retreat and Malibu Movie Colony Despite the success of the pottery, Rindge still struggled to balance her finances, and began work on a three-wing, 55-room mansion, called the Rindge Castle, atop Laudamus Hill, By 1942, she was forced to sell her unfinished castle, with the buyer being the Franciscan order. Though most of the castle eventually burned to the ground in the 1970s, various parts were salvaged, including Malibu tile, and the property is still in the hands of the Franciscans as Serra Retreat. ==Bankruptcy, death, and legacy==
Bankruptcy, death, and legacy
By 1938, Rindge was bankrupt. World-famous Surfrider Beach, and officially declared as the first-ever World Surfing Reserve via the Save the Waves Coalition. It is also listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Meanwhile, Rindge's pier, regarded as a Southern California landmark, has been a recreation destination since the 1950s and home to fishermen since 1934. In 1933, Rindge gave permission for the pier to be used in what became the iconic movie King Kong starring Fay Wray, earning its place in film history. The pier was restored in 2009, earning its steward, California State Parks, the Los Angeles Conservancy Preservation Award. The tile Rindge produced remains in thousands of homes, the most extensive display remaining being her daughter's home, the Adamson House, slightly west of Rindge's pier, while Los Angeles City Hall, the Mayan Theater, The Roosevelt Hotel, the Geffen Playhouse, Dana Junior High School in San Pedro, and other public buildings across the United States—and even some abroad—still contain their own examples of Malibu tile. and is designated as a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument. Her dam in the Malibu Hills is still extant, though long out of use and plans are in place to tear it down. Rindge's life has been the subject of numerous print and online articles over time, and in 2017, a Los Angeles Times bestseller titled The King and Queen of Malibu: The True Story of the Battle for Paradise. ==References==
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