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Mean radius (astronomy)

The mean radius or volumetric radius in astronomy is a measure for the size of planets and small Solar System bodies. Alternatively, the closely related mean diameter, which is twice the mean radius, is also used. For a non-spherical object, the mean radius is defined as the radius of the sphere that would enclose the same volume as the object. In the case of a sphere, the mean radius is equal to the radius.

Calculation
The dimensions of a minor planet can be uni-, bi- or tri-axial, depending on what kind of ellipsoid is used to model it. Given the dimensions of an irregularly shaped object, one can calculate its mean radius: An oblate spheroid, bi-axial, or rotational ellipsoid with axes a and c has a mean radius of R=(a^{2} \cdot c )^{1/3}. == Examples ==
Examples
• For planet Earth, which can be approximated as an oblate spheroid with radii and , the mean radius is R=\left((6378.1~\text{km})^{2}\cdot6356.8~\text{km}\right)^{1/3}=6371.0~\text{km}. The equatorial and polar radii of a planet are often denoted r_{e} and r_{p}, respectively. • The asteroid 511 Davida, which is close in shape to a tri-axial ellipsoid with dimensions , has a mean diameter of D=(360~\text{km}\cdot294~\text{km}\cdot254~\text{km})^{1/3}=300\text{ km}. • Assuming it is in hydrostatic equilibrium, the dwarf planet Haumea has dimensions 2,100 × 1,680 × 1,074 km, resulting in a mean diameter of D=\left(2100~\text{km}\cdot1680~\text{km}\cdot1074~\text{km}\right)^{1/3}=1559~\text{km}. The rotational physics of deformable bodies predicts that over as little as a hundred days, a body rotating as rapidly as Haumea will have been distorted into the equilibrium form of a tri-axial ellipsoid. == See also ==
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