Since the intense periods of
internal conflict in Peru in the 1980s and 1990s, the government, military, and media in Peru described any individual who was left on the
political spectrum as being a threat to the nation, with many students, professors, union members, and peasants being jailed or killed for their political beliefs. Reporters investigating the government of
Alberto Fujimori faced violence, with some being abducted and killed; from 1990 to 1996, at least eighteen journalists were assassinated, with most being from interior provinces. In response to President
Martin Vizcarra's actions to
dissolve Congress in 2019, the media in Peru began a
fearmongering campaign, arguing that left-wing political candidates would be elected in the
2020 Peruvian parliamentary election and attempt to draft a new constitution. Into the 2020s, mainstream private media began to lose its reputation due to its use of
disinformation, especially during the
2021 Peruvian general election. For the first round of elections, Peruvian media focused attacks against
center-left candidate
Veronika Mendoza. The media's attacks resulted with support moving from Mendoza to
Pedro Castillo, who was further left on the political spectrum. In the second round of elections, Peru's major media networks were described as aligning with
Keiko Fujimori to discredit Castillo. Despite media attacks against Castillo, he would win the presidency. == Types ==