Melaleuca rugulosa is a shrub growing to high with an open, straggling habit and peeling grey bark. Its leaves are arranged alternately and are long, wide, flat, thick, rigid, narrow elliptic to egg-shaped with the narrower end near the base and have a sharp point. There is a mid-vein, marginal veins and 7–13 indistinct lateral veins. The young leaves and branches are often covered with dense, silky hairs. The flowers are a shade of red to purple, tipped with yellow and are arranged in spikes around the branches that continue to grow after flowering. The spikes are in diameter and long with 18 to 60 individual flowers. The petals are long and fall off as the flower ages and there are 34-63 stamens in each flower. Flowering occurs from November to December, sometimes in other months and is followed by fruit that are woody
capsules, long. ==Taxonomy and naming==