Darwish wrote
Memory for Forgetfulness in
Paris in 1986, during what Muhawi described as a "three-month self-siege" to recall his feelings of isolation during the summer 1982 siege. He originally published the work in a 1986 issue of the periodical he edited,
Al-Karmel, under the title "The Time: Beirut. The Place: August.", as the prologue to an autobiography. When he republished the poem in 1987, he changed its title to
Dhakirah li-al-nisyan. In
Memory for Forgetfulness, Darwish uses symbolism of birth, death,
coffee,
doves, and
worms to discuss the fear of existence during the Lebanese civil war and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon. In addition, the poem extensively uses the same symbols to discuss Darwish's perception of the Palestinians' loss of their homeland. ==References==