Victor Vladimirovich Petryashov was a Russian zoologist, carcinologist, hydrobiologist and biogeographer. His scientific research focused on taxonomy and distribution of malacostracan crustaceans, particularly orders Mysida, Lophogastrida and Leptostraca, and marine biogeography and hydrobiology of Arctic, Antarctic and temperate seas of the World, and he published over 120 works. V.V. Petryashov spent all his professional life in St. Petersburg in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. As a senior researcher he also curated the malacostracan crustacean collection of the Zoological Institute.