Mike Madigan

Madigan's father, Michael, was "a very strong Democrat, he was a product of the Depression ... He carried with him very strong feelings in favor of many of the enactments of the New Deal." Michael J. Flynn was the Cook County Clerk, and also the Democratic committeeman of Chicago's 13th Ward, an unpaid, political-party leadership position. Madigan's father was a precinct captain in the 13th Ward and worked in the Cook County Clerk's office, where he befriended a young Richard J. Daley, who would later succeed Flynn as County Clerk prior to running for mayor of Chicago. Madigan later characterized the relationship between his father and Richard J. Daley as "political friends." The elder Michael Madigan later worked for 25 years as the 23th Ward superintendent for the City of Chicago Department of Streets and Sanitation. Madigan was born on April 19, 1942, and was raised in the Clearing neighborhood of Chicago. Madigan graduated from Saint Adrian's Elementary School, St. Ignatius College Prep on the west side of Chicago, and the University of Notre Dame. In 1965, while a first-year law student at Loyola University Chicago School of Law, Madigan bought a membership in the Lake Shore Club and introduced himself to Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley as Michael Madigan's son. Within months, at Madigan's father's request, Mayor Daley appointed Madigan to a summer job with the city law department between his first and second years of law school. Madigan also met Daley's son, Richard M. Daley, while both were law students. Madigan's father suffered a heart attack at age 58, and a fatal heart attack at age 60, in 1966. Madigan graduated from Loyola Law School in 1967. Madigan and Neil Hartigan worked together in the city law department. Madigan and Richard M. Daley were both delegates to the 1969-70 Illinois Constitutional convention (which wrote the current Constitution of Illinois, adopted after Illinois voters approved it in the 1970 special election), and became good friends. Nevertheless, hostility could still exist between the two over political aspirations, with former Chicago operative Don Rose noting in 2013 that while there was no seriously bad blood between Madigan and Richard M. Daley, “there were jealousies and let’s say significant disrespect.” In 1976, Madigan married Shirley Murray, a divorced law firm receptionist with a young daughter, Lisa, whom Madigan adopted; Lisa later became Attorney General of Illinois in 2003. == Democratic Party leadership ==

Madigan joined Chicago Mayor Jane Byrne in endorsing Alderman Edward M. Burke in the 1980 Democratic primary race for Cook County State's Attorney, over Madigan's on-off friend Richard M. Daley. In 1986 Madigan urged Adlai Stevenson III to enter the Democratic primary for Illinois governor. Hartigan withdrew and Stevenson won the primary and was defeated by James R. Thompson for the second time. On February 22, 2021, Madigan resigned as chairman. In February 2025, Madigan was found guilty on ten felony counts in a corruption trial. These charges include bribery, conspiracy, and wire fraud. Following his conviction, he was sentenced to 7 1/2 years in federal prison and a $2.5 million fine. == Illinois House of Representatives ==

In November 1970 Madigan was elected to represent the 22nd District in the Illinois House of Representatives. Speaker of the Illinois House Madigan was Speaker of the Illinois House from 1983 to 2021, with the exception of 1995–1997, when Republicans took control of the Illinois House and Lee Daniels of Elmhurst became Speaker. Madigan recruited candidates who appealed to south suburban Chicago voters and the Illinois House Democratic Majority political action committee he controlled spent $272,000 in six south suburban races. Democrats won back nine seats in the Illinois House in the elections of November 1996, regained a majority, and Madigan resumed the Speaker's role and held it until January 2021. He is the longest-serving state House speaker in United States history. Beginning in the 1980 United States Census, and except in the 1990s, Madigan was the chief mapmaker of the legislative districts of the Illinois General Assembly and the United States Congress in Illinois In 2016, Madigan was the subject and namesake of a documentary made by the Illinois Policy Institute. The documentary was widely criticized as overly partisan and raised ethical concerns after individuals featured in the movie claimed they were not told the nature of their interviews. In May 2019 Madigan supported a bill to change Illinois's tax rate from a flat rate to a graduated tax rate and sponsored a bill to fine businesses for profiting from human trafficking, involuntary servitude, or sex trade activities. On January 13, the Illinois House voted to instead elect Chris Welch to the Speakership, making him the first African American to hold that position. A federal corruption investigation related to Madigan's conduct continued despite his ouster as speaker. Relationship with Blagojevich Madigan and Blagojevich clashed over Blagojevich's proposals for increased state spending. Blagojevich blamed the 2007 budget crisis on Madigan, releasing a statement that said, "The way to be able to finally get budgets that achieve the objective of health care and education for families is to get Mr. Madigan to be a Democrat again and stop being a George Bush Republican." When talks stalled, Madigan invited the entire House to accompany him to budget negotiations. He said the tax was "regressive" and would hurt the poor, who are "the least able in our society to take on additional costs." Durbin said the subject was also often talked about in the United States Congress in Washington, D.C., among the Illinois congressional delegation. In August 2008, Blagojevich stated that House Democrats who held City of Chicago jobs were fearful of voting in favor of his 2008 capital bill because they thought Madigan might be able to get them fired. Blagojevich told reporters: They fear their leader, Mr. Madigan, and if Mike Madigan tells them to vote a certain way, they will tell you privately, and I've had these discussions with a couple of state reps, one of whom said, 'I'm afraid if I vote for the jobs bill I'll be fired from my job at Streets and Sanitations . I'm afraid I'll lose my job.' He named Illinois House of Representatives Majority Leader Barbara Flynn Currie to chair the 21-member House committee on impeachment. After the committee reported, Madigan presided over the House deliberations which unanimously voted for the first impeachment of an Illinois governor. Subsequently, the Illinois Senate tried and removed Blagojevich from office, also by a unanimous vote. Controversy over UIUC admissions Madigan refused to testify in the inquiry over his advocacy for more than 40 applicants to the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Governor Pat Quinn appointed a commission, to be led by retired Judge Abner Mikva, to investigate attempts by lawmakers and others to influence admissions of unqualified candidates (whose relatives had given money to Madigan, other lawmakers, and the state Democratic Party, which Madigan chairs) at the state's largest university. The August 6, 2009, Admissions Review Commission report stated that the university's top officials (trustees, president, chancellor) were the most culpable, because they should have refused the lawmakers' requests, although he also said a separate commission should be established by Quinn and/or the legislature to look into possible misconduct by Madigan and others. Metra patronage scandal In the summer of 2013 it was reported that Madigan had sought to use his influence to secure patronage hiring and promotion at the Metra commuter rail agency for two of his supporters. Metra CEO Alex Clifford rejected these requests, and alleges that the agency's board sought his resignation as a result. In the wake of this scandal five Metra board members resigned, but Madigan denied violating any ethics rules. An investigation by the Legislative Inspector General found that Madigan "should have realized, given his influential position, that by making the [personnel] requests at the conclusion of meetings with Metra officials to discuss funding and other legislative issues, he would be creating reciprocal expectations." More than 400 current or retired state and local government employees have strong political ties to Madigan, according to a 2014 investigation by the Chicago Tribune. The former Bureau of Electricity in the Streets and Sanitation Department of the City of Chicago was called "Madigan Electric" by political insiders. Madigan recommended at least 26 individuals for jobs at Metra from 1983 to 1991. Campaign contributions Madigan has admitted that he is more likely to return phone calls from campaign contributors than from non-contributors. Of all the current sitting Democratic Illinois House members, Madigan has received the most campaign contributions from labor unions. Between 2002 and 2012, he received $670,559. This sum includes: • $56,114 from AFL-CIO • $50,000 from AFSCME • $63,600 from Illinois Education Association • $161,000 from the Illinois Federation of Teachers • $135,000 from the Chicago Teachers Union • $204,845 from the Service Employees International Union On January 1, 2016, the Chicago Tribune reported that Madigan "has been on a fundraising tear, courtesy of a quirk in state campaign finance law that allows him to amass multiple five-figure contributions from the same donor into four funds he controls." In 2015, Madigan raised more than $7 million. Over 68% of the money that Madigan raised in 2015 came from trial lawyers, law firms, and organized labor unions. Illinois created its first limit on campaign contributions for the legislature in 2009, but the law allowed politicians to raise money for various campaign funds for their political parties and caucuses. Madigan controls four different campaign fundraising organizations: Friends of Michael J Madigan, the Democratic Majority fund, the Southwest Side 13th Ward fund and the Democratic Party of Illinois account. Tax policy In early 2011 leading Illinois Democratic lawmakers and Governor Pat Quinn agreed to raise the Illinois state income tax from 3 to 5.25 percent—a 75% increase. At the time, it was estimated that this would bring in about $7.5 billion a year. The tax increase would mean that a married couple with two kids earning $80,000 a year combined would pay an extra $1,620 in taxes. Democratic leaders said the plan would pull the state out of its $15 billion budget hole. They promised the tax hike would last just four years, and then fall to 3.75 percent. Between 2011 and 2014 the Illinois state income tax rate was 5 percent. On January 1, 2015, the tax rate was reduced from 5 percent to 3.75 percent, creating a shortfall in revenue of $2.7 billion starting FY 2015. Madigan has said that he would rather increase income taxes than sales taxes. On other occasions, he has introduced budgets that raise taxes in Illinois. May 2016 tax and budget plan On May 25, 2016, Madigan introduced a budget plan that increased spending and "set the state on autopilot for the next year", according to the Chicago Tribune. Madigan's plan allocated $700 million more in funds to public schools. The $700 million would be doled out to poorer school districts such as Chicago Public Schools. The Illinois Office of Management and Budget said that the tax rate for an average family in Illinois would have to go up by $1,000 to pay for Madigan's plan. That amounts to an increase of the income tax rate to 5.5 percent. Governor Bruce Rauner said that the budget was "the biggest unbalanced budget in Illinois history." Madigan's tax plan proposed spending $7.5 billion for fiscal year 2017. The state estimated that it would bring in approximately $0.5 billion in revenue, meaning that Madigan's budget spends around $7 billion more than the state would have available through tax revenue. The Illinois Policy Institute, a conservative think tank, estimated that the state would need to increase people's income tax from 3.75 to 5.5 percent in order to make up for Madigan's budget gap. The think tank estimated that the increase would amount to around $1,000 on average per family in Illinois. The City Club comments In December 2015 the state of Illinois had had no budget in place for over five months. On December 9, at the City Club in Chicago, Madigan publicly said he thought the state income tax should increase to "at least 5 percent to balance the state's out-of-whack finances". The Chicago Tribune wrote, "In doing so, Madigan potentially gave new life to Republican Gov. Bruce Rauner's argument that Democrats are to blame for the stalemate in Springfield because they're intent on only raising taxes to dig out of the state budget deficit." Pension reduction legislation Madigan was instrumental in the passage of SB-1, a plan that amended state employee pension plans by drastically reducing the constitutionally protected benefits of Illinois state employees in retirement. The Illinois Supreme Court ultimately found these legislative changes to be unconstitutional. As the Illinois Supreme Court ruling stated: "These modifications to pension benefits unquestionably diminish the value of the retirement annuities the members ... were promised when they joined the pension system. Accordingly, based on the plain language of the Act, these annuity-reducing provisions contravene the pension protection clause's absolute prohibition against diminishment of pension benefits and exceed the General Assembly's authority". AT&T "friends and family plan" bribery scandal In October 2022, under a deferred prosecution with the US Department of Justice, AT&T admitted that it arranged for payments to Illinois House Representative Edward Acevedo, an ally of Madigan, in order to unlawfully influence and reward Madigan's vote in 2017 on legislation that would eliminate AT&T's so-called "Carrier of Last Resort" obligation to provide landline telephone service to all Illinois residents, which was expected to save the company millions of dollars. Madigan also helped to defeat an amendment to a bill that became law in 2018 regarding fees for small cell tower attachments that would have been harmful to AT&T's interests. Former AT&T Illinois President Paul La Schiazza, who first went on trial in September 2024 for the alleged bribery scheme, described AT&T's quid pro quo relationship with Madigan in an email to an AT&T employee as "the friends and family plan", a reference to an MCI long distance plan from the early 1990s. During Madigan's trial in December 2024 Acevedo, who testified as a defense witness and was now also confirmed to be in poor health, denied prosecution claim that he did not do work for the $22,000 which AT&T Illinois paid him. Paprocki eucharist decree On June 6, 2019, Bishop Thomas Paprocki issued a decree barring Madigan and Senate President John Cullerton from presenting themselves to receive the Eucharist on account of their role in passing the Reproductive Health Act, which removes spousal consent and waiting periods for abortions. While singling out Madigan and Cullerton specifically, Paprocki also asked that other legislators who voted for the bill not present themselves for Communion either, saying that they had "cooperated in evil and committed grave sin." Madigan said that Paprocki had warned him that he would be forbidden to take the sacrament if he permitted the House to debate and vote on the measure. Resignation On February 18, 2021, Madigan announced through a letter to the Speaker of the Illinois House that he would be resigning from the state representative post which will be effective at the end of February. Maples was deemed to have lied under oath in order to protect Madigan from an investigation concerning an alleged ComEd bribery scheme. Mapes reported to a federal minimum security prison in Pensacola, Florida in June 2024 to begin his sentence. 2025 conviction On February 12, 2025, Madigan was convicted on 1 of 3 federal corruption charges he was indicted with. Madigan would be found not guilty on one count of bribery related to the ComEd scheme, count of violating the Travel Act in ComEd scheme, a bribery charge which alleged he had tried to secure a state board position for Solis through the administration of Illinois Gov. J.B. Pritzker, and on a series of charges related to the Union West luxury apartment development, including multiple violations of the Travel Act and one count of attempted extortion. Sentencing Madigan's sentencing hearing took place on March 13, 2025 in U.S. District Court in Chicago before Judge John Blakey. Prosecutors sought a 2½-year prison term, describing his conduct as "particularly egregious" and motivated by personal and political gain. His defense team requested probation, including one year of home confinement, citing his age (83), his role as primary caregiver to his wife, Shirley Madigan, and the absence of personal financial gain from the offenses. Among the materials submitted to the court was a video message from Shirley Madigan, who said she would require outside care if her husband were imprisoned. Madigan was ultimately sentenced to 7½ years in prison, having been found guilty on 10 out of 23 counts. On October 13, 2025, Madigan began serving his prison sentence at a minimum security federal prison located in Morgantown, West Virginia. Appeals effort On April 27, 2026, the Chicago-based U.S. 7th Circuit Court of Appeals, the same court which had at the time recently released from prison, and ordered new trials for, two former Commonwealth Edison officials who had been previously convicted of conspiring to bribe Madigan, upheld Madigan's conviction. In a 29-page rule, the court, among other things, described the evidence against Madigan as "overwhelming." In addition, Madigan was ordered to remain in prison. With this ruling, Madigan could in the near future make an effort to appeal his conviction to the U.S. Supreme Court. == Madigan and Getzendaner ==

Madigan was the founder and continues as senior partner of the law firm Madigan and Getzendaner, specializing in corporate real estate property tax appeals, which has been accused of profiting from Madigan's position and power. Getzendaner and four other staff attorneys handle the tax appeals, while Madigan brings in clients. In 2010 Madigan and Getzendaner represented 45 of the 150 most valuable buildings in downtown Chicago, more than any other property tax appeal firm, and more than twice as many as the second-highest. Clients include the John Hancock Center and the Prudential Plaza. From 2006 to 2008 in Cook County, Illinois, Madigan and Getzendaner received the largest reductions for their clients of any tax appeal law firm. Venues for property tax appeals law firms in Cook County include hearings before the County Assessor, the County Board of Review, and the County courts. Judges in Illinois are elected in partisan elections, and Madigan, by his Democratic Party leadership roles as committeeman and state chairman, is one of the main persons involved in slating judicial candidates. Madigan political workers aided Berrios's 2010 campaign for Cook County Assessor. Berrios is registered as a lobbyist to Illinois state government and advocates for issues including expanding video poker. Berrios lobbies Madigan in Springfield, while the Assessor is critical to the lucrative commercial real-estate tax appeals practices of law firms, including Madigan's. "Even by Illinois's loose conflict of interest standards, the obviousness of the Madigan-Berrios connection is stupefying," wrote Chicago Magazine in 2013. == The Madigan family and their role in Illinois government ==

Madigan and his wife, Shirley, have four children. His oldest stepdaughter, Lisa Madigan, served as Attorney General of Illinois from 2003 to 2019. Lisa was born Lisa Murray to Shirley and criminal attorney Joel Murray. Shirley and Joel divorced and Shirley married Madigan when Lisa was 11 years old. Lisa changed her name when she was 18 and was formally adopted in her 20s. Shirley had served as the head of the Illinois Arts Council. In 2002 Madigan helped Lisa garner more campaign contributions in her run for Illinois Attorney General than even the candidates for governor that year. At one point, Lisa Madigan's $1.2 million raised was more than all the attorney general candidates in 1998 had raised, combined. The Republican gubernatorial candidate, Jim Ryan, suggested that Madigan should resign. A federal investigation into one of Lisa Madigan's political endorsements ensued after Madigan allegedly contacted a union boss in Chicago shortly before the union endorsed Madigan's daughter for the post, but nothing came of it. ==Electoral history==