Minuscule 27

The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book format), containining a complete text of the four Gospels, written on 460 leaves (). From John 18:3 the original manuscript has had its original pages replaced with them supplied in a later hand. The text is written in one column per page, 19 lines per page. It is ornamented in gold and silver. The text is divided according to the chapters (known as / kephalaia), whose numerals are given at the margin, with the chapter titles (known as / titloi) written at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241, the last section is in 16:20), with references to the Eusebian Canons written below Ammonian Section numbers (both early systems of dividing the New Testament into sections). It contains the tables of contents (also known as ) before each Gospel, along with pictures of the Evangelists. The liturgical books with hagiographies (known as the Synaxarion and Menologion) were added by a later hand. It was extensively altered by a later hand. == Text ==

The Greek text of the codex is considered a representative of the Byzantine text-type; the text-types are groups of different manuscripts which share specific or generally related readings, which then differ from each other group, and thus the conflicting readings can separate out the groups, which are then used to determine the original text as published; there are three main groups with names: Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine. Biblical scholar and textual critic Kurt Aland placed it in Category V according to his manuscript text classification system. It belongs to the textual Family 1424. According to the Claremont Profile Method (a specific analysis of textual data) it represents textual cluster M27 as a core member. It creates a cluster, to which belong the manuscripts: 71, 569, 692, 750, 1170, 1222, 1413, 1415, 1458, 1626, 2715. In , it has an interesting reading that agrees with in omitting /and the earth, a reading reported by the early church fathers Tertullian and Epiphanius as being that in Marcion's edit of Luke's Gospel. The omitted text was inserted in the right hand margin as a correction. == History ==

The first collation was prepared by Larroque (along with the codices 28-33), but according to Biblical scholar Frederick H. A. Scrivener, it was very imperfect. It was examined and described by John Mill (designated by him as Colb. 1), the textual critics Johann J. Wettstein, Johann M. A. Scholz (died 1852), and Paulin Martin. Biblical scholar Caspar René Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885. The manuscript is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (shelf number Gr. 115) at Paris. The manuscript is dated by the INTF to the 11th-century. == See also ==