He was born in in the
Kasalan village near the city of
Tabriz. He belonged to a family of clerics, and his appointment as an accountant in
Mianeh was opposed by his father. Garmrudi was eventually moved to Tabriz, where
Mirza Masoud Ansari Garmrudi and subsequently the crown prince
Abbas Mirza supported him. After the Russians conquered Tabriz at the end of the
Russo-Iranian War of 1826–1828, Garmrudi, as part of Abbas Mirza's staff, was sent to negotiate with the Russian general
Ivan Paskevich. He was also involved in the negotiations at
Dehkvaraqan and
Torkamanchay, which cemented Iran's defeat. In 1834, Garmrudi was made the
lashkar-nevis (chief clerk) of the army in
Tehran following the succession of
Mohammad Shah Qajar. In 1838, following a dispute with England over the
Herat and other issues, an Iranian delegation headed by
Hossein Khan Ajudanbashi was dispatched to the European courts. Garmrudi was included in this mission, likely due to the support of Mirza Masud Khan Ansari, who served as the
minister of foreign affairs during this period. Garmrudi's notability primarily stems from his travelogue of the journey, entitled . The
Ottoman Empire,
Austria,
France, and England are the nations that they traveled through, and each is covered separately in the book's four chapters. The is regarded as an important record that documents early Iranian views on Europe as well as the activities of the Iranian mission. Garmrudi's , a defamatory tale accusing the British of sexual depravity and debauchery, was another work created due to his travels throughout Europe. The book was possibly meant as a counter to
The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan by
James Justinian Morier, which portrayed a negative image of Iranians. When the Iranian delegation went back in 1840 to Iran, Garmrudi stayed in the retinue of Hossein Khan. The latter was given the governorship of
Yazd shortly after their return, and in 1844, he was made governor of
Fars. Hossein Khan entrusted Garmrudi with the administration of the
Kohgiluyeh and
Mamasani, thus demonstrating his trust in him. In another work by Garmrudi, the , he documented the tribes of the region, along with their genealogies and histories. Garmrudi died in 1848 at
Behbahan, and was buried in
Shiraz. == References ==