Technikon

The word comes from the Greek wikt:τεχνικός|, meaning 'technical'. (cf. Some technical schools were called technikums elsewhere in the world.) == List of technikons ==

In some sources, certain school names were reversed, e.g., Technikon Pretoria or Pretoria Technikon. Likewise, Witwatersrand Technikon or Technikon Witwatersrand; Natal Technikon or Technikon Natal; Free State Technikon or Technikon Free State. == History ==

Some technical colleges were founded in the early to mid-20th century in the country. In 1967, four technical colleges (Cape, Pretoria, Witwatersrand and Natal) became "colleges of advanced technical education". Two more such colleges (Vaal and Witwatersrand) were added by 1969. These six colleges became the first technikons in 1979. combined 3 technikons. Mergers and reorganisations were announced in 2002, drastically reducing the number of technikons. By 2006, after a process to transform the nation's "higher education landscape", there were no technikons left. == Student compositions ==

During Apartheid, the schools were divided into historically white technikons (HWTs) and historically black technikons (HBTs). The seven white technikons include the 'big four' (Cape, Pretoria, Witwatersrand and Natal), which had the most students (6000–11000 in 1991). The other white technikons were Free State, Port Elizabeth, and Vaal Triangle. SA was for distance learning, with a slight majority of whites. Northern Gauteng and Mangosuthu were black technikons. Peninsula was classified as a , but it was mostly attended by Coloureds. ML Sultan was also nominally a HBT, but was mostly attended by Indians. Three technikons were created in bantustans; these had the lowest enrollments: Border (Ciskei), Eastern Cape (Transkei), and North-West (initially named Setlogelo; in Bophuthatswana). == Degrees ==

In 1993, the Technikon Act (No. 125) enabled technikons to provide degree studies and confer degrees. Several technikon programmes were possible: • national higher certificate (2 years) • (3 years): 75% of technikon enrollments were in this diploma. • 2 years of theoretical training, plus • 1 year of experiential training with an industrial employer White technikons and ML Sultan Technikon offered degrees at all three levels (bachelor's, master's and doctorates), but others did not. ==References==