Molinodus may be the best known genus of
placental mammals found at Tiumpampa. This genus has tentatively been referred to
Mioclaenidae, a North American and European clade of so-called
condylarths whose South American members are sometimes placed within their own family,
Kollpaniidae. It is supposed that those South American ungulates were closely related to two groups of South American native ungulates,
Litopterna, a group of large-sized ungulates, and
Didolodontidae, a family of medium-sized
frugivorous ungulates, known only from the Paleocene and Eocene . It is possible that both of these South American endemic groups evolved from ancestors that dispersed from
North America. ==Bibliography==