Spears began his career as an English professor at the
University of Wisconsin, followed by
Vanderbilt University. He joined the faculty at
Sewanee: The University of the South, where he was the editor of the
Sewanee Review from 1952 to 1961. He was the Libbie Shearn Moody Professor of English at
Rice University from 1964 to 1986. Spears was the author of several books about American and British poetry and poets, including
W. H. Auden and
Matthew Prior. He was also a contributor to
The New York Review of Books. He was a member of the
Fellowship of Southern Writers. ==Personal life, death and legacy==