Construction and unveiling In 1918, the
All-Russian Extraordinary Commission was located in the buildings on Lubyanska Square, the founder and first head of which was Felix Dzerzhinsky, who later headed other state security secret police agencies that were located there. In the autumn of 1926, shortly after Dzerzhinsky's death, Lubyanka Square was renamed Dzerzhinsky Square by the decision of the Presidium of the
Moscow City Council. In 1940, a competition was announced for the project of a monument to Dzerzhinsky, which was won by
Sarra Lebedeva, who created a lifesized sculptural portrait of Dzerzhinsky, but her project was not implemented. Construction of the monument began in July 1958, with the statue sculpted by
Yevgeny Vuchetich, and the overall design by . The monument was opened to the public in 1958, outside the
Lubyanka Building, which housed the headquarters of the Soviet security services, the
OGPU,
NKVD (responsible for the bloodletting of the Stalin purges of the thirties),
NKGB,
MGB and
KGB.
August coup and Muzeon Park relocation On the evening of 22 August 1991, shortly after the failure of
the coup attempt undertaken by the
State Emergency Committee, thousands of people began to gather around the KGB building on Lubyanka Square, seeking to topple Dzerzhinsky's statue, seeing it as a symbol of the brutal Soviet past. People sprayed the words "executioner", “antichrist”, “Felix is finished,” and the symbol of the
Russian Orthodox Church on the pedestal. By the evening of the same day, people climbed onto the statue and affixed ropes to it, attached to a truck. Toppling the monument in this way risked damaging the adjacent
Lubyanka metro station. To avoid this, deputy chairman of the Moscow City Council addressed the crowd and introduced a resolution with the Moscow City Council to remove the monument. It was then dismantled with a construction crane and taken to wasteland close to
the new building of the
Tretyakov Gallery. In 1992, the monument was without ceremony dumped into the
Fallen Monument Park, where other Soviet-era monuments were collected. == See also ==