He tried to exert his independence early on but was imprisoned at
Bayana by order of Emperor
Humayun, but he managed to escape and took refuge in
Gujarat Sultanate where
Sultan Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah welcomed him. On December 23, 1534 while on board the galleon St. Mattheus,
Sultan Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah signed the
Treaty of Bassein. Based on the terms of the agreement, the
Portuguese Empire gained control of the city of
Bassein, as well as its territories, islands, and seas. In 1535,
Gujarat was occupied by the
Mughals, and Bahadur Shah was forced to conclude an alliance with the
Portuguese to regain the country, conceding
Daman and
Diu,
Mumbai, and
Vasai to the
Portuguese. In February 1537, he was killed by the
Portuguese while visiting them on a Portuguese ship anchored off the coast of
Gujarat, and his body was dumped into the
Arabian Sea.
Sultan Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah had no legitimate son, hence there was some uncertainty regarding succession after his death. Muhammad Zaman Mirza, the fugitive Mughal general made his claim on the ground that Bahadur's mother adopted him as her son. Seeing the danger in this declaration, the Gujarati nobles selected
Sultan Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah's nephew
Miran Muhammad Shah I of
Khandesh as his successor, but he died on his way to Gujarat. Finally, the nobles selected Mahmud Khan, son of Bahadur's brother Latif Khan as his successor and he ascended to the throne as
Mahmud Shah III on May 10, 1538. Then Muhammad Zaman Mirza made an agreement with the Portuguese in which he would yield
Mangrol and
Daman and a band of land along the entire coast, in return for their support but the Gujarati nobles defeated Muhammad Zaman Mirza who fled to
Delhi. ==See also==