Early history of
Goetzen as originally built The
Meyer-Werft Shipyard in
Papenburg, Germany, built
Goetzen in 1913 and named her after Count
Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen, the former governor of
German East Africa.
Goetzen was designed to serve as a passenger and cargo ferry in conjunction with the
Ostafrikanische Eisenbahngesellschaft (
East African Railway Company). After preliminary assembly
Goetzen was taken apart and shipped in 5000 boxes loaded on three cargo vessels to
Dar es Salaam in German East Africa (modern day Burundi, Rwanda and Tanganyika (the mainland part of present Tanzania)). From there the trains of the Mittellandbahn ("
Central Line") carried the boxes to Kigoma. She was rebuilt there in 1914 and launched on 5 February 1915. Originally the ship had seven first class cabins (single bed & sofa bed) and five second class cabins (double bed), as well as first and second class dining and smoking rooms. The machinery consisted at first of two round boilers for steam for the two
triple expansion engines with a power rating of per engine. She also had a carbonic ice and cooling unit in an insulated cold storage with a capacity of of ice per hour, and a lighting and a ventilation system. The ship was designed for a crew of 64 men (60 men and four officers).
First World War During World War I the Germans converted
Goetzen to an auxiliary warship under the name SMS
Goetzen. They gave her a gun from the light cruiser , which had been scuttled as a result of the
Battle of the Rufiji Delta. She also received an gun, one of two that
Königsberg had brought out from Germany to arm auxiliary cruisers should the opportunity arise. Lastly, the survey ship
SMS Möwe contributed two 37 mm
Hotchkiss revolver guns to
Goetzens armament. The Germans appointed Oberleutnant zur See Siebel captain of
Goetzen. Under his command
Goetzen initially gave the Germans complete supremacy on Lake Tanganyika. She ferried cargo and personnel across the lake between Kigoma and Bismarckburg (now Kasanga, Tanzania), saving troops from a two-week overland march, and provided a base from which to launch surprise attacks on
Allied troops. It therefore became essential for the Allied forces to gain control of the lake themselves.
Geoffrey Spicer-Simson and the Royal Navy succeeded in the monumental task of bringing two armed motor boats, and , from England and via the
Belgian Congo to the lake by rail, road and river. The British then launched their two boats at
Albertville (Kalemie) on the western shore of Lake Tanganyika. The two boats waited until December 1915, then mounted a surprise attack on the Germans, capturing the gunboat
Kingani – renamed HMS
Fifi. They sank a second German vessel, , in February 1916; this left
Götzen as the only German vessel remaining on the lake. As a result of their strengthened position on the lake, the Allies advanced towards Kigoma by land, and the Belgians established an airbase on the western shore at Albertville. From there on 10 June 1916 they used
Short Admiralty Type 827 planes for a bombing raid on
Goetzen as she sat in the harbour of Kigoma. These bombing raids didn't severely damage the
Goetzen, but she remained in the harbour. The Germans had already removed most of her guns in the beginning of May as they needed them elsewhere. At the time of the air raid
Goetzen had only one 37 mm Hotchkiss left, which she used as an anti-aircraft gun. The war on the lake had reached a stalemate by this stage, with both sides declining to mount attacks. However, the war on land was progressing, largely to the advantage of the Allies, who cut off the railway link in July 1916 and threatened to isolate Kigoma completely. This led the German naval commander on the lake,
Gustav Zimmer, to abandon the town and head south. In order to avoid the ship falling into Allied hands, General
Lettow-Vorbeck ordered that
Goetzen be scuttled. The task was given to the three engineers from Meyer Werft who had travelled with the disassembled ship to Lake Tanganyika in order to supervise its re-assembly. The engineers decided on their own that they would try to facilitate a later salvage;
Salvage and recommissioning Johann Ludwig Wall, a Swede working for the Belgians, salvaged the ship in 1918. He initially had divers remove large quantities of material. Then he filled the holds with empty barrels and passed cables under the ship to two 375 t barges that the "
Compagnie des Chemins de fer du Congo Supérieur aux Grands Lacs Africains" had purpose-built for the task and positioned on each side of the wreck. By the end of June 1919, the Belgians had succeeded in lifting the ship up to her gunwales by winding in the cables. Then in mid-September the Belgians floated the semi-submerged vessel to Kigoma. There she settled in water deep. The water was shallow enough that her superstructure extended above the surface of the lake. Early in 1920, a storm moved the vessel, sinking her at Point Lusana in . The photos of Kigoma Bay that Homer L. Shantz made in mid-February 1920 show no sign of the ship. In 1921 the British took control of Kigoma. They then took until 16 March 1924 to raise the ship again. The British found that the engines and boilers were still usable and so they decided to rehabilitate the ship. On 16 May 1927 the ship went back into service under the name
Liemba. Mary Katherine Scott, the wife of the chief secretary and acting governor Sir John Scott, launched
Liemba for the
Tanganyika Railways and Port Service. The pure conversion costs amounted to about £30,000 sterling. Salvage had cost £20,000, and infrastructure £28,000. The Germans had spent the equivalent of just £36,000 to construct her.
1927 to 1948 In 1941, following the death of
Lord Baden-Powell on 7 January 1941, his widow,
Olave, Lady Baden-Powell sailed in
Liemba from Northern Rhodesia northwards.
1948 to 1952 Liemba returned to service in 1952 after a two-year break.
Since 1952 Liemba was operating almost non-stop from 1927. In 1948 the
East African Railways and Harbours Corporation (EAR&H) took over running the ferry, allowing it to link services with the
Central Line from Kigoma to Dar es Salaam. From 1976 till 1979 the ship was overhauled. At this time twin diesel engines replaced the original steam engines. The driving force behind this renovation was Patrick "Paddy" Dougherty. He was born on 18 March 1918 in
Downpatrick and did an apprenticeship at
Harland & Wolff in
Belfast. Subsequently, he served during the
Second World War in the Royal Navy and became a ship's engineer. In the 1960s and 1970s, he worked for the EAR&H in
Kisumu, Kenya as first engineer, and later as chief engineer on the ferries of
Lake Victoria. After the renovation of
Liemba he left
Tanzania. In 1977 the EAR&H was dissolved and the new
Tanzania Railways Corporation (TRC) took over operation of
Liemba. In 1993 the TRC gave
Liemba an overhaul managed by the Danish shipyard OSK ShipTech A/S, sponsored by the
Danish International Development Agency. The rebuild included the deck house, the electronic system, and the pipes, renovation of the cabins of the passengers and crew, new
MAN engines of each, installation of a hydraulic crane on the foredeck, and conversion of the rear cargo hull into a passenger room (capacity increase to 600 passengers).). To improve safety
Liemba received a double bottom in the area of the forward cargo compartment. The ship was re-measured and the Danish engineers found that
Liemba was long and had a
beam of . With the new machinery, the ship can achieve a speed of .
Liemba now has ten first-class passenger cabins (double bed) and two VIP cabins. Eighteen second-class cabins (six double and twelve quad-beds) are also available. In 1997 TRC's inland shipping division became a separate company, the Marine Services Company Ltd. In 1997 the
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees used
Liemba and to repatriate more than 75,000 refugees who had fled
Zaire during the
First Congo War, following the overthrow of longtime dictator
Mobutu Sese Seko.
Liemba made a total of 22 trips between Kigoma and
Uvira during this five month operation. In May 2015 she was hired by the United Nations to evacuate 50,000 refugees fleeing from the troubles in Burundi. In 2014, the BBC showed a film about the ship, as part of their series on "World War 1 - Beyond the Trenches".
Renovation or replacement? In 2011, TRC wrote to the Federal Government of Germany, requesting assistance in either renovating or replacing the vessel. The German authorities undertook a study that it is thought concluded that it would be cheaper to build a new ship than renovate
Liemba. The final request for financial help fell between the governments of
Lower Saxony, where the ship was built, and the federal government in
Berlin, with the then
President of Germany Christian Wulff stating that the vessel had a "singular history" and performed an "indispensable service" to the people of East Africa. The
Liemba was in 2017 in Kigoma for a major maintenance. It is sailing again since 9 August 2018. Renovation by the Croatian Brodosplit shipyard began in 2024. ==
The African Queen ==