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Khokhra Chieftaincy

The Khokhra chieftaincy, also known as the Nagvanshi dynasty, was a principality that ruled the parts of Chota Nagpur Plateau region during much of the medieval and early-modern period. The chieftaincy came to prominence while the region was part of Bihar Subah in the Mughal Empire.

Origin
The origins of the Khokhras are unknown and while the family claimed to be Kshatriya, recent evidence points to them having their origins with the Munda tribe before the leader of the tribe, Madra Munda, was adopted into the Nagvanshis. ==History==
History
Mughal period The Khokhra family receives no mention during the period the Delhi Sultanate and even during the reign of Sher Shah Suri. The reason for this likely relates to the isolated location from which the Khokhras ruled as none of the ruling authorities in Bihar were able to reach them. Madhukar Rai died in 1599 and was replaced by Bairisal who according to records visited the Emperor in Delhi and accompanied him on various expeditions. Because of his services, he was rewarded with valuable gifts and granted the pargana of Sherghati. Bairisal died in 1614 and was succeeded by his son, Durjan Shah who continued to defy Mughal authority however he was eventually defeated and Khokhra was annexed into the Mughal empire by the governor of Bihar, Ibrahim Khan Fath-i-Jang in 1615. Emperor Jahangir noted that Durjan Shah was imprisoned for at least three years following the subjugation of Khokhradesh. A story recounts that Durjan Shah was released from prison after Jahangir was impressed with his ability to judge the purity of diamonds. As per the terms of his release, Durjan Shah was to pay tribute of 6000 Rs and was also conferred with the title of Shah. Raghunath Shah (1663–1690) built several temples, including Madan Mohan temple in Boera and Jagannath temple. According to Lal Pradumn Singh, the writer of the book Nagvansh, the Mughals invaded Khukhra during the reign of Raghunath Shah. Mughal officials were sent by Aurangzeb to attack Khokhra. The invasion was strongly resisted which resulted in the death of Mughal officials. Later he agreed to pay tax to the Mughals. Thakur Ani Nath Shahdeo made Satranji the capital of Barkagarh estate near Subarnarekha river. He built the Jagannath temple in 1691. at Ranchi built by king Ani Nath Shahdeo in 1691|left In 1719, during the reign of Emperor Muhammad Shah, Sarbuland Khan invaded to Chotanagpur plateau. Raja Yadunath Shah agreed to pay Rs. 100,000 (one lakh) as Nazrana. Then Yadunath Shah shifted the capital from Navratangarh to Palkot upon realising the weakness of the capital from a defensibility point of view. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Shivnath Shah (1724–1733). Due to non-payment of tribute, Fakhr-ud-daula invaded Khokhra in 1731. He faced considerable resistance from the Raja of Khokhra but both parties reached a compromise and he paid Rs. 12,000 as tribute. When Fakhr-ud-daula was removed from the post of Subedar of Bihar Suba in 1733, the Khokhra chief discontinued the payment of tribute to the Mughals. Maninath Shah (1748-1762) consolidated his authority over the estates of Bundu, Silli, Barwe, Rahe, and Tamar, and the chiefs of these estates were compelled to acknowledge the Nagvanshi ruler as their chief. The Nagvanshi rulers shifted their capital from Palkot to Ratu in 1870. Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo built Ratu Palace in 1900. The last ruler of the Nagvanshi dynasty was Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo (1931–2014). Zamindari was abolished after the independence of India in 1952. Branches Following are the states and estates established by Nagvanshi princes: • Barkagarh estate of Satrangi (now in Ranchi) • Khairagarh State of Khairagarh-Chhuikhadan-Gandai district, ChhattisgarhKalahandi State of Kalahandi, OdishaNilgiri State of Nilagiri, Baleswar, Odisha • Jariagarh Estate of Khunti district Post-independence In the modern period, the Nagvanshi are divided into two subgroups namely Rajdariya, the descendants of the royal family, and the Lohardagiya, the inhabitants of Lohardaga district. Lohardagiyas wield a lot of influence in present-day Lohardaga and Latehar districts despite being fewer in numbers demographically. They have only one gotra Kashyap. Nagvanshi practice exogamy and establish relationships with other royal families. The Nagvanshi use Shahdeo as their surname. They speak the Nagpuri language and Hindi with others. They are non-vegetarian and eat rice, wheat and pulses. ==Rulers==
Rulers
Following is the list of Nagvanshi rulers according to "Nag Vanshavali" (1876) written by Beniram Mehta during reign of Jagannath Shah Deo and book "Nagvansh" (1951) written by Lal Pradumn Singh during reign of Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo. There is considerable disagreement among historians about chronology of various kings and its authenticity. 57th Nagvanshi king Dripnath Shah (c. 1762–1790 CE) submitted list of Nagvanshi kings to the Governor General of India in 1787. Raja {{Div col|content= • Raja Madhu Karn Shah (16th century) • Raja Bairisal • Raja Durjan Shah (17th century) • Raja Deo Shah • Raja Ram Shah (1640-1663) • Raja Raghunath Shah (1663–1690) • Raja Yadunath Shah (1690–1724) • Raja Shivnath Shah (1724–1733) • Raja Udainath Shah (1733-1740) • Raja Shyamsundar Nath Shah (1740–1745) • Raja Balram Nath Shah (1745–1748) • Raja Maninath Shah (1748–1762) • Raja Dripnath Shah (1762–1790) • Raja Deo Nath Shah (1790–1806) Maharaja • Maharaja Govind Nath Shah (1806–1822) • Maharaja Jagannath Shah Deo (1822–1869) • Maharaja Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo (1869/72–1950) • Maharaja Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo (1950–1952) ==See also==
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