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NASA Docking System

The NASA Docking System is NASA's implementation of the International Docking System Standard (IDSS), an international spacecraft docking standard promulgated by the International Space Station Multilateral Coordination Board. NDS is a spacecraft docking and berthing mechanism used on the International Space Station (ISS), the Boeing Starliner, and the Orion spacecraft. The international Low Impact Docking System (iLIDS) was the precursor to the NDS. NDS Block 1 was designed, built, and tested by the Boeing Company in Huntsville, Alabama. Design qualification testing took place through January 2017.

Design
NDS supports both autonomous and piloted dockings and includes pyrotechnics for contingency undocking. Once mated the NDS interface can transfer power, data, and air; future implementations will be able to transfer water, fuel, oxidizer and pressurant as well. The passage for crew and cargo transfer has a diameter of . In form and function NDS resembles the Shuttle/Soyuz APAS-95 mechanism already in use for the docking ports and pressurized mating adapters on the International Space Station. There is no compatibility with the larger common berthing mechanism used on the US segment of the ISS, the Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle, the original SpaceX Dragon, and Orbital Sciences' Cygnus spacecraft. NDS is compatible with the IDSS implementation on SpaceX Dragon 2, both Crew Dragon and Cargo Dragon. ==History==
History
was canceled in 2002, development of the mating system continued, but its future was unknown. The Hubble Space Telescope received the Soft-Capture Mechanism (SCM) on STS-125. In February 2010, the LIDS program became modified to be compliant with the IDSS and became known as the international Low Impact Docking System (iLIDS) or simply the NASA Docking System (NDS). In May 2011, the NDS critical design review was completed and qualification was expected to be completed by late 2013. In April 2012, NASA funded a study to determine if a less complex docking system could be used as the NASA Docking System that both met the international community's desire for a narrower soft capture system ring width, as well as providing the ISS a simpler active docking system compared to the then-planned design. Boeing's proposal was the Soft Impact Mating and Attenuation Concept (SIMAC), a design originally conceived in 2003 for the Orbital Space Plane (OSP) Program. In August 2014, Boeing announced that the critical design review for the redesigned NDS had been completed. Following this change the IDSS was modified (to rev D), so the new design of the NASA Docking System is still compatible with the standard. --> IDA-1 was part of the payload on SpaceX CRS-7 in June 2015, but was destroyed when the Falcon 9 rocket exploded during ascent. IDA-2 was delivered successfully on SpaceX's CRS-9 mission in July 2016, and then installed on PMA-2 in August of that year during a spacewalk by Jeffrey Williams and Kathleen Rubins as part of Expedition 48. Crew Dragon Demo-1 was the first spacecraft to dock at this port on 2 March 2019. IDA-3 was launched on the SpaceX CRS-18 mission in July 2019. IDA-3 is constructed mostly from spare parts to speed construction. It was attached and connected to PMA-3 during a spacewalk on 21 August 2019. == References ==
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