The area of Nayoro has been inhabited since the
Jōmon period, and was the site of a
kotan was built by the
Ainu people. On June 30, 1888, the Hokkaido government proclaimed the villages of Kaminayoro Shimonayoro. The area was initially settled by a group of colonists from
Toei, Yamagata. In 1907, under the second-class town and village system was implemented, and Kaminayoro Village was established. It was raised to town status in 1915, becoming Nayoro Town. In 1920, Chiebun village split off from
Shimonayoro village and was annexed by Nayoro in 1954. Nayoro was raised to city status in 1956.On March 27, 2006 Nayoro annexed the town of
Fūren. ==Government==