Neckartailfingen was first mentioned in 1090 in the
Hirsau codex (Codex Hirsaugiensis) as
Tagelvingen. Built by order of the
Hirsau abbey, the town's landmark church—the Romanesque Martinskirche—was probably completed in the year 1111. In 1536, the town became Protestant, together with the office Nürtingen and received in 1541 the first village school of the former district Nürtingen. In the
Thirty Years' War Neckartailfingen was destroyed after the
Battle of Nördlingen (1634) by the infamous dragoons of colonel
Walter Butler of Roscrea. Only after a few years the fugitive inhabitants returned and slowly re-built their village again. ==Economy and infrastructure==