His name probably came from the southwestern English city of
Hereford. Nicholas studied at the University of Oxford, and was ordained a priest in 1370 and earned in 1382 the degree of Doctor of Theology. Nicholas criticized the luxury of the Church and reaffirmed the right of every Christian to attain his own faith by reading the Bible. Nicholas collaborated in producing the English-language version of the
Bible known as
Wycliffe's Bible. He is believed to have been entrusted with the translation of the
Old Testament, the major part of which was completed by 1382. During a popular uprising against the Pope in June 1385, he escaped and traveled back to England. Upon his return, however, he was re-imprisoned by
William Courtenay, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and his writings were confiscated and destroyed by order of King
Richard II of England. In 1391, he finally revoked his church-critical views being reconciled with the
Roman Catholic Church and was appointed in the same year the chancellor of
Hereford Cathedral and in 1395 to the
St Paul's Cathedral in London. From 1397 to 1417 he was treasurer in Hereford. A few years before his death he resigned as treasurer and entered the
Carthusian Order. Nicholas died in 1420 in the
Charterhouse of
Coventry. His only surviving work on which he has collaborated is the Wyclif Bible. ==See also==