The Tragedy of Gate 12

The stampede occurred at the end of the football match between River Plate and Boca Juniors at River Plate Stadium, specifically at Gate 12, which served as an exit for visiting fans. An investigation by journalist Pablo Lisotto later clarified that the area leading to the street was not clear, and the pressure of the crowd exiting caused the fatalities. The exact number of victims remains uncertain, but it is confirmed to exceed 70, with most victims being minors. == Witness accounts ==

== Investigation and responsibility ==

The criminal investigation concluded without identifying anyone responsible for the disaster. Many asserted that the exit was blocked by the Federal Police (at the time, the country was governed by the military dictatorship of the self-styled Revolución Argentina led by General Juan Carlos Onganía). Initially, two River Plate executives were prosecuted on charges of negligence, but following expert assessments and testimonies from fans themselves, the Court of Appeals declared them innocent. Regarding civil liability, the Argentine Football Association (AFA) and the clubs collectively addressed the matter by creating a fund of just under $100,000, which amounted to slightly over $1,000 per victim. To receive this amount, the victims’ families were required to waive any further legal claims. Only two victims’ families, Nélida Oneto de Gianolli and Diógenes Zúgaro, pursued legal action against River Plate. The court ruled against the club due to its civil liability and ordered it to pay approximately $50,000 to each family. == Later events ==

The affected gate, originally Gate 12, was later renamed Access L, then K, and is now Gate M. In 2008, River Plate installed a commemorative plaque. The same year, Pablo Tesoriere premiered his documentary Puerta 12, which reignited public remembrance of the tragedy. Until 2008, there were no records of any act or tribute by Boca Juniors to honor those who died in the tragedy. The release of the documentary Puerta 12, directed by Pablo Tesoriere, marked the beginning of such remembrances. Since then, every mid-June during the Budget Assembly meeting, a moment of silence has been observed in memory of Puerta 12, mentioning "the 71 deceased." In 2012, when the History Subcommittee began to operate formally, the club initiated deeper investigations into the incident with the goal of placing a commemorative plaque. Four years later, during a Board Assembly, Guillermo Dell’Oro proposed addressing the matter in a more institutional manner. As secretary of the board and president of the History Subcommittee, Sergio Brignardello unified these proposals into a single objective. In 2017, a working and research group named Historia-Puerta 12, coordinated by Hernán Soria, was established. In 2018, on the 50th anniversary of the tragedy, a tribute similar to that of 2008 was held during the Budget Assembly, where a commitment to create a commemorative plaque was officially announced. An event was also held at the club's museum, where the documentary was screened, with its director, Tesoriere, in attendance. During the event, Brignardello closed with a brief yet symbolic statement: "Apologies for the club's neglect." Around the same time, a message referencing the tragedy, signed by the then-president Daniel Angelici, appeared in the press. The following year, the tribute was repeated, this time with the presence of Diana von Bernard, sister of one of the fans who lost their lives and a former employee of the club’s Youth Football Department. Additionally, with the support of Claudio Giardino, the group Boca es Pueblo created a mural commemorating the event at the corner of Palos and Aristóbulo del Valle, one of the main exits of La Bombonera toward Almirante Brown Avenue. Members and fans were invited to participate, and Diana herself painted her brother Guido’s name on the wall. After the elections, in 2020, the new Board Assembly took over the initiative. Under the leadership of José Palazzo, the possibility of creating the plaque was revisited, with contributions from the History Subcommittee. Sergio Lodise, the subcommittee coordinator, and his team were responsible for its design and review. Despite delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in June 2021, President Jorge Amor Ameal finally inaugurated the long-awaited plaque, listing the names of the deceased known at that time. Simultaneously, the Assembly of Representatives declared June 23 as a Day of Mourning, during which the club's facilities remain closed. In 2023, journalist Pablo Lisotto published Una tarde de junio (An Afternoon in June), the first in-depth investigation of the disaster. == Virtual memorial chapel ==

On June 23, 2022, the creation of Puerta 12 Memoria was announced. This independent initiative has garnered the support of family and friends of the victims, as well as over 100 direct witnesses of the tragedy. "Since 2018, we have been carrying out quiet and dedicated work, and we are excited about everything that lies ahead," states the initiative’s foundational document, which highlights its main goals: • To keep the memory of those who died in Puerta 12 alive, along with honoring their families. • To seek the truth about what happened at Puerta 12: the reasons, the methods, and who was responsible. • To honor the deceased fans through various actions. • To inform the media and journalism students, ensuring that historical inaccuracies about the event are no longer perpetuated. • To bridge the divide that still exists between River and Boca fans regarding this tragedy. The initiative calls on friends and family of the Puerta 12 victims, as well as anyone who experienced the event firsthand, to get in touch and help piece together the puzzle. == References ==