Novikov was drafted in the sixth round, 188th overall, by the Sabres in the
2021 NHL entry draft. He made his professional debut for
Dynamo Moscow in the
Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) during the
2021–22 season. Following his second season in the KHL in
2022–23, having appeared in a career high 62 regular season games and recording 5 points from the blueline, Novikov was signed to a three-year, entry-level contract with the Buffalo Sabres on 19 May 2023. During the
2025–26 season, in his third season with the Sabres affiliate, the
Rochester Americans, having registered 6 goals and 18 points through 50 appearances, Novikov was loaned by the Sabres to the
Ontario Reign of the AHL for the remainder of the season on 9 March 2026. ==International play==